In this article we quantify the long-term economic impacts of coastal flooding in Europe. In particular, how the direct coastal damages generate long-term economic losses that propagate and compound throughout the century. A set of probabilistic projections of inundation-related direct damages (to residential buildings, firms’ physical assets and agriculture production) is used as an exogenous shock to a dynamic stochastic economic model. The article considers explicitly the uncertainty related to the economic agents’ behaviour and other relevant macroeconomic assumptions, i.e., how would consumers finance the repairing of their homes, how long does it take for a firm to reconstruct, whether firms decide to build-back-better after the inundation and possibly compensate the losses with a productivity gain. Our findings indicate that the long-term impacts of coastal floods could be larger than the direct damages. Under a high emission scenario (RCP8.5) the EU27 plus UK could lose every year between 0.25% and 0.91% of output by 2100, twice as much as the direct damages. The welfare losses present a strong regional variation, with the South (Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal and Spain), and United Kingdom (UK) plus Ireland regions showing the highest damages and a significant part of the population that could suffer significant welfare losses by the end of the century.

Lychee plantation areas are typically located at varying elevations on mountains to ensure proper drainage. This placement has direct effects on stream and river water flows and consequently influences pesticide residue, water quality and aquatic biodiversity. This research aims to examine the relationships between cypermethrin residue, water quality and phytoplankton diversity in the lychee plantation catchment area in Phayao Province, Thailand, from January to May 2022. The study area was divided into six sampling sites. Water samples were collected for the investigation of cypermethrin residual, physicochemical and biological water quality parameters. The water quality index was used as an overall measurement of water quality. The study also examined the diversity of phytoplankton species and the relationship among cypermethrin residue, water quality and phytoplankton diversity were studied using canonical correspondence analysis. The findings revealed an increasing trend of cypermethrin residue, with the maximum concentration reaching 29.43 mg/L in March. The trend of decreasing water quality scores from Station S1 to Station S5 indicated the influence of land use changes and human activities, especially in the community area (S5), which was characterized by deterioration of water quality. A total of 174 phytoplankton species were categorized into 5 divisions, with Chlorophyta accounting for 61.49% of the total, followed by Bacillariophyta (28.16%) and Cyanophyta (6.32%). The highest Shannon's diversity index and evenness were observed at Stations S3 and S4, respectively. The canonical correspondence analysis revealed an interesting relationship among cypermethrin residue, ammonia nitrogen, chlorophyll a and three algal species: Pediastrum simplex var. echinulatum, Pediastrum duplex var. duplex and Scenedesmus acutus at Station S3. This research implies that pesticide residue and water quality have a direct impact on phytoplankton distribution, illustrating the environmental challenges that occur in various geographical areas. This information can be applied to assist in the development of future sustainable land use management initiatives.

I explore the effect that albedo has on the amount of solar energy collected as well as the effectiveness of various building materials used in Jordan's varied construction industry. Albedo, which is the reflection of incoming radiation by surfaces, is of crucial relevance in minimizing the damage that solar radiation may do to building components like windows. The construction sector in Jordan is a substantial contributor to the overall level of energy consumption in the country because of the wide variety of building types, purposes and technologies found there. The findings of this research show that substances with greater albedo values produce the best results in terms of energy gains. These findings are supported by in-depth albedo value analyses and provide useful insights that may be used to improve building design and construction methods in Jordan, which will eventually lead to increased energy efficiency and sustainability within the construction sector.

Industries face many challenges when emergencies arise. In emergency, there is an increasing demand for self-administered products that are easy to use. The decay rate of these products decreases with time. Moreover, the lack of disposal of used products increases waste and carbon emissions. By observing the scenario, this study develops a closed-loop supply chain management that considers the collection and remanufacturing of used products. The manufacturing rate is linear and the demand is ramp-type and carbon emissions dependent. The model is solved by a classical optimization and calculates the optimal total cost. The results show that the retailer can handle a shortage situation when the demand becomes stable (Case 2) and the total cost increases with the production rate. A sensitivity analysis shows the changes in the total cost with respect to the parameters.

Climate change and the rapid development of cities have brought considerable challenges to the sustainable development of urban and rural areas, and using nature-based solutions to strengthen ecosystems' resilience and response capacity has become a consensus strategy. Natural solutions are the collective name for all solutions that increase the city's resilience while benefiting the environment and humanity. To deepen the theoretical research and practical development of NBS, I reviewed 87 papers on NBS through the Web of Science database. The study found that NBS-related research mostly focuses on five aspects: Concept of ideas, applied technology, implementation guidelines, performance evaluation and platform building. Currently, the emphasis is predominantly on ideas and platform development in developed countries. While the other three domains were also explored, they primarily adhere to conventional methodologies and content within the NBS context. While NBS research covered many areas and boasts an integrative, collaborative approach, it remained fragmented and lacked a cohesive system. On this basis, I proposed a systematic framework to strengthen the systematicity of the NBS system, give full play to the unique advantages of NBS as a comprehensive concept and promote the specific implementation and development of NBS. I examined NBS's progression and benefits, providing a thorough insight into its significance in sustainable urban development. The research introduced a cohesive framework by elucidating NBS's foundational concepts guiding subsequent inquiries. Such findings are pivotal for facilitating informed strategies and enhancing resilience to climate adversities, underscoring a comprehensive approach to sustainability.

Due to industrialization and urbanization, the world is experiencing environmental degradation at an alarming rate. Irresponsible human behaviors have caused environmental concerns that are drastically affecting the natural ecosystem. To ensure a sustainable future for all, pro-environmental behavior should be practiced among university students to protect and conserve the environment. The objective of the study is to determine the key factors affecting pro-environmental behavior among Universiti Malaya (UM) students. A theoretical framework, theory of planned behavior (TPB), was introduced to examine whether environmental attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have significant effects on intention and on pro-environmental behavior. Data collected from 394 respondents via online questionnaire was then examined using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results show that environmental attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have significant impact on the intention to adopt pro-environmental behavior among UM students. The results indicate that perceived behavioral control did not significantly influence pro-environmental behavior among UM students. The study also revealed that no significant difference was shown in gender and study background towards pro-environmental behavior. These findings assist higher education institutions in formulating polices, strategies and planning to enhance environmental behavior among the students. They also offer new insights and comprehensive information for researchers in conducting research related to environment behavior.

Railway transportation is a significant contributor to Green House Gas (G.H.G.) emissions in the transportation sector. To mitigate this impact, it is crucial to adopt energy-efficient technology solutions. Improving the energy efficiency of railways can significantly reduce their environmental footprint. We employ a case study methodology to evaluate how energy-efficient technologies such as regenerative braking and lightweight materials affect the sustainability of railway operations. The research assesses the amount of energy used, emissions produced and overall effectiveness of these innovations on railway systems. The findings provide valuable insights into enhancing sustainability in rail transport and inform further research and policy initiatives to advance energy efficiency in the transportation industry. By embracing these technologies, we can potentially reduce the environmental impact of railways while supporting more equitable and sustainable transportation systems that align with global emission reduction goals and U.N. Sustainable Development Goals 2030.

The "Trojan horse effect” of microplastics for organic and inorganic contaminants is an interesting topic. So far, the scientific community has focused on microplastics strictly as contaminants, but their role as vectors is still undefined. Adsorption of pollutants follows the Freundlich model by physisorption mechanism. Furthermore, ages and types of microplastics influence the adsorption of pollutants onto microplastics. Moreover, natural particles, like algae particles, present in the environment can interfere in the adsorption mechanisms. Due to their chemical composition of mainly O and N, it has been suggested that natural particles have a stronger adsorption affinity for some pollutants. Furthermore, microplastic’s role as vector of pollutants into organisms is controversial. In fact, it has been suggested that the release is species-specific. In T. japonicus, accumulation of Hg loaded onto microplastics increased by 2.5 times, whereas a reduction of bioavailability of Hg was observed in R. lens.