A new general age-structured HIV model with two routes of infection, ART, and humoral immunity

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Abstract

In this paper, a new general age-structured human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) model with two routes of infection, antiretroviral therapy, and humoral immunity was proposed, different from common age-structured models due to the consideration of dominant activation of latently infected cells into infected cells rather than in the boundary condition. First, the well-posedness of the model solutions was given. Second, considering the dominant activation, we discussed the existence of immune inactivation equilibrium E₁ and immune activation equilibrium E^* in two special cases. Then, the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium E₀ was analyzed by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functions. Finally, the global behavior of the model with a saturated functional response was further investigated through numerical simulations, and the role of antiretroviral therapy in slowing down HIV transmission in the body was analyzed.

Keywords

age-structured HIV model / two routes of infection / ART / humoral immunity

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