Primary parvovirus B19 infection in immunocompetent pregnancies: Clinical features and outcomes of 16 prospective cases

Abstract

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a contagious virus. It is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, from spontaneously resolving illness to potentially fatal and severe conditions in at risk individuals such as pregnant women. This study would enable the investigation of clinical and biological manifestations as well as adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with recent infection. We reported a series of 16 pregnant women with primary B19V infection. Diagnosis was clinical, serological, and molecular. Real-time PCR molecular analysis was performed on all pregnant women with recent B19V infection. Viral DNA was detected in 3 women. Mothers with recent B19V infection were symptomatic in 68.75% (11/16) of cases, and 62.5% (10/16) had developed arthralgia associated with a rash. Anemia was present in half the women with recent infection, with only one case of thrombocytopenia. Postnatal follow-up of the infected mothers showed that 13 women gave birth to healthy new borns. Two patients experienced a spontaneous abortion, and another gave birth to a premature infant. Given the complications of B19V infection, the assessment of maternal infection is important and should be considered within the framework of the fetal and maternal health policy in Morocco.

Keywords

clinical manifestations / fetal outcomes / maternal infection / Parvovirus B19 (B19V) / Spontaneous abortion

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