Effect of weld faying part groove shape on reduction of inner flash in steel pipe joints fabricated by friction welding

Abstract

The groove shape of the weld faying part was investigated to obtain an ideal pipe friction-welded joint that had a fracture in the base metal and no inner flash of it. The steel pipe had inner and outer diameters of 8.0 mm and 13.5 mm, respectively, and the weld faying surface was of a basic flat shape (butt) type. Moreover, stepped and tapered groove shapes were prepared. Pipe groove shapes were welded with a friction speed of 27.5 s⁻¹ and a friction load of 2.79 kN. Joining phenomena during the welding process were observed, and the tensile strength of joints was evaluated. The joints, that fabricated with flat or step groove shapes, made with a friction time at which the friction torque reached the initial peak did not have the tensile strength of the base metal nor a fracture in the base metal. However, the joints fabricated with a friction time that reached past the initial peak had a large flash, and they contained a fracture in the base metal. In contrast, when joints were made with a gently tapered groove shape with a friction time reaching the time of the initial peak, they achieved a fracture in the base metal, despite having an extremely small inner flash. Therefore, the shape at the weld faying part was capable of reducing the flash exhausted from the weld interface.

Keywords

Friction welding / Steel pipe / Inner flash / Groove shape / Taper / Joint strength / Fracture

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