A New Strategy Enabling Combined Fluorescence Imaging of Individual Tuberculous Granulomas and Precise Photothermal Therapy of Tuberculosis With Lesion- and Pathogen-Targeting Capabilities of the Nanoparticles

Keywords

aggregation-induced emission / fluorescence imaging / nanoparticles / phototheranostics / photothermal therapy / tuberculosis

References

[1] L. Ramakrishnan, “Revisiting the Role of the Granuloma in Tuberculosis,” Nature Reviews Immunology 12 (2012): 352-366.

[2] F. Fenaroli, U. Repnik, Y. Xu, et al., “Enhanced Permeability and Retention-Like Extravasation of Nanoparticles From the Vasculature Into Tuberculosis Granulomas in Zebrafish and Mouse Models,” ACS Nano 12 (2018): 8646-8661.

[3] Y. Liao, B. Li, Z. Zhao, et al., “Targeted Theranostics for Tuberculosis: A Rifampicin-Loaded Aggregation-Induced Emission Carrier for Granulomas Tracking and Anti-Infection,” ACS Nano 14 (2020): 8046-8058.

[4] D. Yan, X. Li, H. Wang, et al., “NIR-II aggregation-induced emission nanoparticles camouflaged with preactivated macrophage membranes for phototheranostics of pulmonary tuberculosis,” Nature Protocols (2025), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-025-01146-8.

[5] B. Li,  W. Wang, L. Zhao, et al., “Photothermal Therapy of Tuberculosis Using Targeting Pre-Activated Macrophage Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles,” Nature Nanotechnology 19 (2024): 834-845.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2025 The Author(s). Aggregate published by SCUT, AIEI, and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.