Ag Nanoparticles-Decorated Bimetal Complex Selenide 3D Flowers: A Solar Energy-Driven Flexible Hybrid Supercapacitor for Smart Wearables

Abstract

The demand for green-power-driven flexible energy storage systems is increasing. This requires new materials for powering wearable electronic devices without conceding energy and power densities. Herein, a nanograss-flower-like nickel di-vanadium selenide (NiV₂Se₄) is fabricated on a flexible Ni–Cu–Co fabric by a scalable oil bath deposition approach. The NiV₂Se₄ is decorated with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NiV₂Se₄–Ag) to improve the electrical conductivity of the electrode surface. The NiV₂Se₄–Ag electrode exhibits a 27% higher capacity than the NiV₂Se₄ electrode at 1 mA cm⁻², owing to the synergistic effect of Ag nanoparticles and NiV₂Se₄. Aqueous and flexible hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) are fabricated with NiV₂Se₄–Ag and activated carbon (AC) electrodes (NiV₂Se₄–Ag//AC), which work up to 1.6 V. Aqueous NiV₂Se₄–Ag//AC HSCs maintain 76% capacitance at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² and deliver an energy density of 77 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 749 W kg⁻¹. Moreover, these HSCs exhibit an excellent cycling stability of 95% after 10,000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the potential of NiV₂Se₄–Ag//AC flexible HSCs for wearable electronics. These HSCs can withstand different bending and twisting angles without compromising the electrochemical performance. The fabricated flexible HSCs can also be recharged by sunlight, providing a sustainable way to utilize natural energy resources.

Keywords

Bimetal complex selenide / Ni–Cu–Co fabric / Hybrid supercapacitor / Solar cell / Wearable electronics

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Funding

Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea(2022R1A2C2008968)