A Review of Multifunctional Nanocomposite Fibers: Design, Preparation and Applications

Lijun Liu; Dan Chang; Chao Gao

doi:10.1007/s42765-023-00340-1

Advanced Fiber Materials ›› 2023, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1) : 68 -105. DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00340-1

Review

A Review of Multifunctional Nanocomposite Fibers: Design, Preparation and Applications

Lijun Liu ¹
, Dan Chang ¹
, Chao Gao ¹^,²^,^c

Author information +

¹MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymer, Key Laboratory of Novel Adsorption and Separation Materials and Application Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, 310058, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China

²Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, 030032, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China

^c chaogao@zju.edu.cn

Lijun Liu

received his master’s degree in textile chemistry and dyeing and finishing engineering from Tiangong University in 2010. After working in the textile industry for more than 10 years, he joined Prof. Chao Gao’s lab at the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering of Zhejiang University and became a Ph.D. candidate in 2021. His current research involves high-performance graphene-based composite fibers and materials.

Dan Chang

received her Ph.D. degree in chemistry from Zhejiang University in June 2022. She then worked at the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Hunan University to study smart graphene-based materials from August to December 2022. In 2023, she joined the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering of Zhejiang University to start postdoctoral research. Her research interests cover the reversible assembly of carbon nanomaterials, fundamental physicochemical properties of graphene oxide, and smart stimuli-response applications of graphene oxide macroscopic assemblies.

Chao Gao

is the Qiushi Distinguished Professor in the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University. He received a Ph.D. degree from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) in 2001. Then, he was appointed as an Associate Professor at SJTU in 2002. From 2003 to 2006, he performed postdoctoral research at the University of Sussex with Prof. Sir Harry W. Kroto and AvH research at Bayreuth University with Prof. Axel H. E. Müller. In 2008, he joined the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering at Zhejiang University and was promoted to professor. He leads a group of researchers working on graphene chemistry, macroscopic self-assembly, and energy storage.

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Abstract

Nanocomposite fibers are fibrous materials with specific properties and functionalities, which are prepared by introducing nanomaterials or nanostructures in the fibers. Polymeric nanocomposite fibers exhibit multiple functionalities, showing great application potential in healthcare, aerospace, mechanical engineering, and energy storage. Here, six functionalities of polymer nanocomposite fibers are reviewed: mechanical reinforcement, resistance to electromagnetic interference and flame, thermal and electrical conduction, generation of far-infrared ray, negative ion and electricity, energy storage, and sensing. For each functionality, the fiber component selection and preparation methods are summarized. The commonly used polymers comprise natural and synthetic polymers, and typical nanomaterials include carbon-based, polymer-based, metal-based, and metal oxide-based ones. Various compounding strategies and spinning approaches, such as wet-spinning, melt-spinning, and electrospinning, are introduced. Moreover, the functional properties of fibers fabricated from different constituents and by different strategies are compared, providing a reference for performance optimization. Finally, the prospective directions of research and application are discussed, and possible approaches are suggested to facilitate the development of advanced nanocomposite fibers.

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Lijun Liu, Dan Chang, Chao Gao. A Review of Multifunctional Nanocomposite Fibers: Design, Preparation and Applications. Advanced Fiber Materials, 2023, 6(1): 68-105 DOI:10.1007/s42765-023-00340-1