Gait Training Using Robotic Devices in Subjects With Stroke: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis
Juan Antonio Chamorro-Hinojosa , Francisco Molina-Rueda , María Carratalá-Tejada
Revista de Neurología ›› 2026, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (3) : 46880
Gait training using robotic devices in stroke patients is a widely researched treatment modality. Therefore, there is a lot of heterogeneous information that needs to be synthesized, sorted, and classified. The aim of this work was to synthesize and analyze the scientific evidence on the application of robotic devices for gait training in people with stroke.
This overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Searches were performed in four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Plus. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses that included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of robotic devices in combination or not with another physiotherapy treatment on gait recovery in stroke patients were included.
Thirteen studies with a total of 101 RCTs were included. Data regarding the participants, outcome measures, training protocols and main results were extracted. The A Messurement Tool to Assess Systematic Review (AMSTAR-2) scale and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system of certainty of evidence were applied. Only one study had a high certainty of evidence; while four had a moderate certainty, six were classified as having a low certainty and two had a critically low quality.
Robotic gait training combined with physiotherapy improves walking speed after stroke, especially with end-effector devices. However, benefits do not reach clinically meaningful functional thresholds, and applicability is limited due to insufficient evidence, high costs, and limited accessibility.
CRD42021237915, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42021237915.
fisioterapia / neurorrehabilitación / dispositivos robóticos / ictus / marcha / physical therapy modalities / rehabilitation / robotic devices / stroke / gait
| • | • Tipo de estudios: se incluyeron revisiones sistemáticas (con o sin metaanálisis) que analizasen ensayos controlados aleatorizados para su revisión. Publicados desde el año 2015 hasta 2023. Se consideraron solo los títulos escritos en inglés y español. |
| • | • Tipo de participantes: Se consideraron revisiones que incluyesen: sujetos diagnosticados de ACV, mayores de 18 años, con ictus de tipo isquémico o hemorrágico en fase aguda, subaguda o crónica. |
| • | • Tipo de intervención: se consideraron trabajos que evaluasen algún tipo de dispositivo robótico para el entrenamiento de la marcha en combinación o no con otra forma de tratamiento fisioterápico. No se consideraron aquellos trabajos que no definieron las intervenciones o que evaluasen múltiples terapias y también cualquier tratamiento farmacológico (ej. toxina botulínica). |
| • | • Tipo de medidas de resultado: estudios que incluyan escalas o test de evaluación instrumental de la marcha humana, de análisis de la velocidad de marcha, de la resistencia de marcha o pruebas de movilidad funcional y/o funcionamiento, función motora gruesa y fuerza muscular. |
| • | • Duración: de 10 días a 16 semanas. |
| • | • Frecuencia: de 2 a 5 días/semana. |
| • | • Rango de sesiones: de 10 a 96 sesiones. |
| • | • Duración de las sesiones: de 20 a 105 minutos. |
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