Medical-geographical and socio-hygienic aspects of adaptation of medical service officers to military professional activities

Abstract

The relevance of the study is associated with the formation of a complex of stress factors of the environment in relation to graduates of higher military educational institutions and lies in the need for a systematic solution to the problem of adaptation of medical officers to professional activities in the Arctic. The aim of the study is to develop promising directions for the prevention of diseases and increase the efficiency of medical officers on the basis of a systematic study of medical-geographical, military-professional and socio-psychological factors in the formation of stable adaptation in graduates of higher military educational institutions. An original questionnaire “Adaptation” has been developed, which allows assessing the impact of the complex impact of stress factors. A systematic approach has been applied to assess the contribution of medical-geographical, professional factors, as well as lifestyle. Based on the results of the regression analysis, prognostic models of the influence of factors on the psychophysiological indicators of health, as well as correlations between the three groups of factors and the adaptive capabilities of the organism of military personnel, were obtained. It is concluded that the adaptation of military personnel in the Arctic is more intense in comparison with the redeployment in the subtropics and temperate latitudes. Ensuring high performance of young officers requires the planning and implementation of preventive measures based on monitoring the medical and geographical situation, preliminary adaptation to upcoming service activities, the development of infrastructure for everyday life and recreation of the families of military personnel, scientific support for the problem of redeployment of troops, including the adaptation of young officers. Ensuring high efficiency of young officers requires planning and implementation of preventive measures based on monitoring the medical and geographical situation, preliminary adaptation to the upcoming service activities, development of the infrastructure of everyday life and recreation for families of military personnel, scientific support of the problem of redeployment of troops (1 table, bibliography: 11 refs).

Keywords

acclimatization / adaptation / conditions of service / medical geography / medical officers / the Far North

References

[1] Gazenko OG, ed. Dictionary of physiological terms. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Department of Physiology, All-Union. fiziol. about them. I.P. Pavlova. Moscow: Nauka Publisher; 1987. 446 p. (In Russ.)

[2] АН СССР, Отд-е физиологии, Всесоюз. физиол. о-во им. И.П. Павлова. Словарь физиологических терминов / под ред. О.Г. Газенко. М.: Наука, 1987. 446 с.

[3] Keller AA, Kuvakin VI. Medical ecology. Saint Petersburg: Petrogradskiy i K° Publisher; 1998. 256 p. (In Russ.)

[4] Келлер А.А., Кувакин В.И. Медицинская экология. СПб.: Петроградский и К°, 1998. 256 с.

[5] Keller AA. The current state and tasks of medical and geographical research in the USSR. Medical geography and health. Collection of scientific papers. Leningrad: Nauka Publisher; 1989. P. 7–17. (In Russ.)

[6] Келлер А.А. Современное состояние и задачи медико-географических исследований в СССР. Медицинская география и здоровье: Cб. научных трудов. Л.: Наука, 1989. C. 7–17.

[7] Maydan VA, Kyznetsov SM, Lizunov VYu. Hygienic features of adaptation of workers to the conditions of the Far North. Izvestia of the Russian Military Medical Akademy. 2020;39(S3-3):113–116. (In Russ.)

[8] Майдан В.А., Кузнецов С.М., Лизунов В.Ю. Гигиенические особенности адаптации работников к условиям Крайнего Севера // Известия Российской военной медицинской академии. 2020. Т. 39, № S3-3. С. 113–116.

[9] Reps VF, Ishchenko DV, Efimenko NV. Psychophysiological mechanisms of adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. Medicine of Extreme Situations. 2018;20(1):94–101. (In Russ.)

[10] Репс В.Ф., Ищенко Д.В., Ефименко Н.В. Психофизиологические механизмы адаптации к экстремальным условиям окружающей среды // Медицина экстремальных ситуаций. 2018. Т. 20, № 1. С. 94–101.

[11] Sapov IA, Novikov VS. Non-specific mechanisms of human adaptation. Leningrad: Nauka Publisher; 1984. 146 p. (In Russ.)

[12] Сапов И.А., Новиков В.С. Неспецифические механизмы адаптации человека. Л.: Наука, 1984. 146 с.

[13] Ustyushin BV. Physiological and hygienic aspects of human labor in the open areas of the Far North. Occupational Medicine and Industry Ecology. 1994;12:10–14. (In Russ.)

[14] Устюшин Б.В. Физиолого-гигиенические аспекты труда человека на открытых территориях Крайнего Севера // Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 1994. № 12. С. 10–14.

[15] Daanen HA, Van Marken Lichtenbelt WD. Human whole body cold adaptation. Lancet. 2016;3(1):104–18. DOI: 10.1080/23328940. 2015.1135688

[16] Daanen H.A., Van Marken Lichtenbelt W.D. Human whole body cold adaptation // Lancet. 2016. Vol. 3, No. 1. P. 104–118. DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2015.1135688

[17] Kryukov VE, Novozhenov VG. Changes in peroxide homeostasis in servicemen in the process of adaptation to service and climatic and geographical conditions of the region of residence. Military Medical Journal. 2003;5:28–34. (In Russ.)

[18] Крюков В.Е., Новоженов В.Г. Изменения перекисного гомеостаза у военнослужащих в процессе адаптации к службе и климатогеографическим условиям региона пребывания // Военно-медицинский журнал. 2003. № 5. С. 28–34.

[19] Kryukov EV. Changes in lipid peroxidation and hemostasis in military personnel in the process of adaptation to military service. Military Medical Journal. 2003;324(11):72. (In Russ.)

[20] Крюков Е.В. Изменения перекисного окисления липидов и гемостаза у военнослужащих в процессе адаптации к военной службе // Военно-медицинский журнал. 2003. Т. 324, № 11. С. 72.

[21] Kryukov EV. Changes in nonspecific protection and immunity in service men in the process of adaptation to military service. Military Medical Journal. 2002;12:60–61. (In Russ.)

[22] Крюков Е.В. Изменения неспецифической защиты и иммунитета у военнослужащих в процессе адаптации к военной службе // Военно-медицинский журнал. 2002. № 12. С. 60–61.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Staroded A.S., Kuznetsov S.M., Maydan V.A.