Rehabilitation of patients after a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 at the second and third stage

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients who have undergone a COVID-19 infection are in need of comprehensive rehabilitation, taking the polysyndromic manifestations of the post- COVID syndrome and comorbidities into account.

AIM: The purpose of this article is the need to evaluate the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation programs for patients who underwent a COVID-19 infection at the second and third stages of medical rehabilitation from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 330 medical rehabilitation programs for patients who had a COVID-19 infection were examined. All patients underwent functional tests: control of blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), spirometry, Stange and Gench tests, testing on the Borg exercise tolerance scale and the MRC dyspnea scale; the EQ-5D quality of life questionnaire was completed. Patients were divided into 2 representative groups (160 and 170 people). The average duration of treatment was 14 days. The methods of physical and rehabilitation medicine: therapeutic exercises, breathing exercises, inhalation therapy were applied to the patients in the observation group. Patients in the observation group underwent rehabilitation treatment programs depending on comorbidities and severity of symptoms in organs and systems. The survey was conducted on at 2 control points: 1 day (first), 14 day (second).

RESULTS: The observation group showed significantly better recovery results (p < 0.05). The average values of the Stange and Gench samples showed a positive trend. There was an improvement in the subjective assessment of the tolerability of the 6-minute walk test on the Borg scale, a decrease in the severity of dyspnea on the MRC dyspnea scale, and an improvement in the quality of life on the EQ-5D scale.

CONCLUSION: The structure of the rehabilitation programs used in the clinic of medical rehabilitation and recovery treatment was analysed, showing positive results that have indicated the effectiveness of the methods of physical and rehabilitation medicine in patients with various manifestations of post-COVID syndrome.

Keywords

COVID-19 / efficiency / medical rehabilitation / pathology / physical and rehabilitation medicine / post-COVID syndrome / rehabilitation treatment

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