Vitamin status of patients with certain chronic non-communicable diseases

Abstract

Background. Inadequate supply with vitamins is a risk factor for the development of many nutritionally-related diseases and their progression. Data on the actual vitamin status of patients are necessary to develop measures for its improvement.

Aim. To characterize the supply of persons with non-communicable diseases with vitamins A, E, C, B₂ and β-carotene by determining their level in the blood of patients.

Material and methods. The blood serum level of vitamins C, A, E, B₂ and β-carotene in 138 patients (41 men and 97 women) 22–80 years old with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, gastrointestinal diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), osteoarthrosis has been determined.

Results. Vitamin C concentration corresponded to adequate status in approximately 2/3 of the examined patients; among patients with T2DM, such sufficiency occurred 1.6–1.9 fold less often than in other groups. The frequency of reduced levels of vitamins C, A and E was statistically significantly more frequent in patients with gastrointestinal diseases. The γ-/α-tocopherol ratio in the serum of patients in all groups was close to 1:50, while in patients with gastrointestinal diseases reached 1:60.7. The proportion of patients sufficiently supplied with all studied vitamins ranged from 15.8 to 70.0%. Patients with osteoarthrosis were best of all provided with all vitamins: multiple (3 or more vitamins) vitamin deficiency was not found. In other groups of patients, multiple vitamin deficiency occurred in 5.3–27.6% of the examined (an average of 16.4%). Among patients with gastrointestinal diseases there was not a single person sufficiently provided with all the studied vitamins. Multiple vitamin deficiency in patients with gastrointestinal diseases was detected more often (p <0.01) compared with patients with T2DM and osteoarthrosis. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, it is possible to extrapolate that a significant proportion of patients with a combined deficiency of 2 vitamins (6.9–31.6% in the samples examined) will move into the category of persons with a simultaneous deficiency of 3 vitamins.

Conclusion. The purposeful development of supplements containing effective doses of vitamins for various nosologies is necessary.

Keywords

vitamins / vitamin deficiency / nutritional-related diseases / multiple vitamin deficiency / serum

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Sharafetdinov K.K., Kodentsova V.M., Vrzhesinskaya O.A., Kosheleva O.V., Beketova N.A., Leonenko S.N., Plotnikova O.A., Pilipenko P., Gapparova K.M., Pilipenko V.I., Derbeneva S.A.