Issues of diagnosis and correction of hypomagnesemia in the intensive care unit patients
Sergey V. Sviridov , Andrey A. Manevskiy , Vladimir G. Kochergin , Irina V. Vedenina
Clinical nutrition and metabolism ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (4) : 168 -178.
Issues of diagnosis and correction of hypomagnesemia in the intensive care unit patients
Various electrolyte imbalances, including changes in magnesium levels, are characteristic of critically ill patients. However, routine measurement of magnesium concentration is often omitted, which may result in the development of hypomagnesemia.
We conducted a review of the medical scientific data on this issue to present the current state of knowledge.
To address the stated objectives, a scientific data search was performed in the eLIBRARY.RU and PubMed databases covering the period from 1975 to 2024. Articles in English and Russian were analyzed using the following keywords: “hypomagnesemia”, “electrolyte imbalance”, “potassium”, “sodium”, and “intensive care unit”. Full-text articles describing hypomagnesemia in critically ill adult patients in the general population, excluding obstetric conditions, were included in the analysis.
The results of the analysis showed that in this patient category, hypomagnesemia is associated with increased mortality, higher incidence of sepsis, prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer hospital stays, and elevated one-year post-discharge mortality rates. In this regard, routine magnesium assessment should be mandatory for intensive care unit patients with gastrointestinal, endocrine, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as with acute kidney injury or exacerbation of chronic kidney disease. Further research is required to clarify the therapeutic role of magnesium in improving outcomes for critically ill patients.
hypomagnesemia / electrolyte imbalance / potassium / sodium / intensive care unit
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