Use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine: a review

Abstract

This article outlines some aspects of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine.

An overview of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination is provided, as well as a definition of the ethical and legal issues of integrating artificial intelligence and human chipping into forensic medical examination.

This article discusses the work of scientists of Kazakhstan and foreign countries aimed at studying the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination. Notably, the greatest application of artificial intelligence systems at this stage of development of science and technology has been found in forensic psychiatry. We noted the lack of research on the use of human microchipping for forensic purposes. In general, studies addressing the synergy between artificial intelligence and human chipping for use in forensic medicine and the legal and ethical aspects of their use in this area are limited.

Considering the generalization of scientific works and analysis of domestic and foreign experience on the issue, we present the ethical and legal aspects of the integration of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine. Owing to the lack of sufficient sources in modern scientific literature devoted to the integrated use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic examination as a whole, a SWOT analysis was conducted, which showed that these technologies have some advantages and opportunities regarding efficiency and accuracy.

Based on a study of the literature and practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping have been identified, which can be divided into several key areas: confidentiality and data security, informed consent, ownership, and control.

Furthermore, based on the literature and the practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping were identified, which can be divided into several key areas: respect for autonomy, confidentiality and ethics of data processing, lack of harm, and informed consent.

Keywords

artificial intelligence / chipping / digitalization / forensic-medical examination

References

[1] Fang YT, Lan Q, Xie T, et al. New opportunities and challenges for forensic medicine in the era of artificial intelligence technology. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020;36(1):77-85. EDN: TOXTKZ doi: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.016

[2] Fang Y.T., Lan Q., Xie T., et al. New opportunities and challenges for forensic medicine in the era of artificial intelligence technology // Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020. Vol. 36, N 1. P. 77-85. EDN: TOXTKZ doi: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.016

[3] Fang YT, Lan Q, Xie T, et al. New opportunities and challenges for forensic medicine in the era of artificial intelligence technology. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020;36(1):77-85. EDN: TOXTKZ doi: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.01.016

[4] Kokin AV. Forensic expertise in the era of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). Theory Practice Forensic Science. 2021;16(2):29-36. EDN: MEMZCO doi: 10.30764/1819-2785-2021-2-29-36

[5] Кокин А.В. Судебная экспертиза в эпоху четвертой индустриальной революции (Индустрии 4.0) // Теория и практика судебной экспертизы. 2021. Т. 16, № 2. С. 29-36. EDN: MEMZCO doi: 10.30764/1819-2785-2021-2-29-36

[6] Kokin AV. Forensic expertise in the era of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). Theory Practice Forensic Science. 2021;16(2):29-36. EDN: MEMZCO doi: 10.30764/1819-2785-2021-2-29-36

[7] Piraianu AI, Fulga A, Musat CL, et al. Enhancing the evidence with algorithms: How artificial intelligence is transforming forensic medicine. Diagnostics. 2023;13(18):2992. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13182992

[8] Piraianu A.I., Fulga A., Musat C.L., et al. Enhancing the evidence with algorithms: How artificial intelligence is transforming forensic medicine // Diagnostics. 2023. Vol. 13, N 18. P. 2992. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13182992

[9] Piraianu AI, Fulga A, Musat CL, et al. Enhancing the evidence with algorithms: How artificial intelligence is transforming forensic medicine. Diagnostics. 2023;13(18):2992. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13182992

[10] Thurzo A, Kosnáčová HS, Kurilová V, et al. Use of advanced artificial intelligence in forensic medicine, forensic anthropology and clinical anatomy. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(11):1545. EDN: RGJPVF doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111545

[11] Thurzo A., Kosnáčová H.S., Kurilová V., et al. Use of advanced artificial intelligence in forensic medicine, forensic anthropology and clinical anatomy // Healthcare (Basel). 2021. Vol. 9, N 11. P. 1545. EDN: RGJPVF doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111545

[12] Thurzo A, Kosnáčová HS, Kurilová V, et al. Use of advanced artificial intelligence in forensic medicine, forensic anthropology and clinical anatomy. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(11):1545. EDN: RGJPVF doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111545

[13] Voevodkin DV, Rustemova GR, Begaliev EN, et al. Identifying fake conclusions of forensic medical examinations using an artificial intelligence technology based on the experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270

[14] Воеводкин Д.В., Рустемова Г.Р., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. К вопросу выявления поддельных заключений судебно-медицинских экспертиз посредством применения технологии искусственного интеллекта по опыту Республики Казахстан: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 3. С. 287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270

[15] Voevodkin DV, Rustemova GR, Begaliev EN, et al. Identifying fake conclusions of forensic medical examinations using an artificial intelligence technology based on the experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270

[16] Lefèvre T. Artificial intelligence in forensic medicine. Living reference work entry. Springer International Publishing; 2021. P. 1-9.

[17] Lefèvre T. Artificial intelligence in forensic medicine. Living reference work entry. Springer International Publishing, 2021. P. 1-9.

[18] Lefèvre T. Artificial intelligence in forensic medicine. Living reference work entry. Springer International Publishing; 2021. P. 1-9.

[19] Tortora L, Meynen G, Bijlsma J, et al. Neuroprediction and A.I. in forensic psychiatry and criminal justice: A neurolaw perspective. Front Psychol. 2020;11:220. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00220

[20] Tortora L., Meynen G., Bijlsma J., et al. Neuroprediction and A.I. in forensic psychiatry and criminal justice: A neurolaw perspective // Front Psychol. 2020. Vol. 11. P. 220. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00220

[21] Tortora L, Meynen G, Bijlsma J, et al. Neuroprediction and A.I. in forensic psychiatry and criminal justice: A neurolaw perspective. Front Psychol. 2020;11:220. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00220

[22] Linthicum KP, Schafer KM, Ribeiro JD. Machine learning in suicide science: Applications and ethics. Behav Sci Law. 2019;37(3):214-222. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2392

[23] Linthicum K.P., Schafer K.M., Ribeiro J.D. Machine learning in suicide science: Applications and ethics // Behav Sci Law. 2019. Vol. 37, N 3. P. 214-222. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2392

[24] Linthicum KP, Schafer KM, Ribeiro JD. Machine learning in suicide science: Applications and ethics. Behav Sci Law. 2019;37(3):214-222. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2392

[25] Pigliucci M. The end of theory in science? EMBO Rep. 2009;10(6):534. doi: 10.1038/embor.2009.111

[26] Pigliucci M. The end of theory in science? // EMBO Rep. 2009. Vol. 10, N 6. P. 534. doi: 10.1038/embor.2009.111

[27] Pigliucci M. The end of theory in science? EMBO Rep. 2009;10(6):534. doi: 10.1038/embor.2009.111

[28] Fernandes K, Cardoso JS, Astrup BS. A deep learning approach for the forensic evaluation of sexual assault. Pattern Anal Applic. 2018;21:629-640. doi: 10.1007/s10044-018-0694-3

[29] Fernandes K, Cardoso JS, Astrup BS. A deep learning approach for the forensic evaluation of sexual assault // Pattern Anal Applic. 2018. Vol. 21. P. 629-640. doi: 10.1007/s10044-018-0694-3

[30] Fernandes K, Cardoso JS, Astrup BS. A deep learning approach for the forensic evaluation of sexual assault. Pattern Anal Applic. 2018;21:629-640. doi: 10.1007/s10044-018-0694-3

[31] Tursunov AB, Galitsky FA, Begaliev EN, et al. Forensic and forensic aspects of childhood traumatism as a result of domestic injuries and traffic accidents: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389

[32] Турсунов А.Б., Галицкий Ф.А., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. Криминалистические и судебно-экспертные аспекты детского травматизма в результате бытовых травм и дорожно-транспортных происшествий: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 3. С. 299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389

[33] Tursunov AB, Galitsky FA, Begaliev EN, et al. Forensic and forensic aspects of childhood traumatism as a result of domestic injuries and traffic accidents: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389

[34] Guez S, Laugier V, Saas C, Lefèvre T. L’IA, le légiste et le magistrat: Traitement médicolégal des violences interpersonnelles. In: Julia G., editor. Sciences et sens de l’intelligence artificielle, Thèmes et commentaires. Dalloz; 2020.

[35] Guez S., Laugier V., Saas C., Lefèvre T. L’IA, le légiste et le magistrat: Traitement médicolégal des violences interpersonnelles. In: Julia G., editor. Sciences et sens de l’intelligence artificielle, Thèmes et commentaires. Dalloz, 2020.

[36] Guez S, Laugier V, Saas C, Lefèvre T. L’IA, le légiste et le magistrat: Traitement médicolégal des violences interpersonnelles. In: Julia G., editor. Sciences et sens de l’intelligence artificielle, Thèmes et commentaires. Dalloz; 2020.

[37] Cantürk I, Özilmaz L. A computational approach to estimate postmortem interval using opacity development of eye for human subjects. Comput Biol Med. 2018;98:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.04.023

[38] Cantürk I., Özilmaz L. A computational approach to estimate postmortem interval using opacity development of eye for human subjects // Comput Biol Med. 2018. Vol. 98. P. 93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.04.023

[39] Cantürk I, Özilmaz L. A computational approach to estimate postmortem interval using opacity development of eye for human subjects. Comput Biol Med. 2018;98:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.04.023

[40] Abugabah A, Nizamuddin N, Abuqabbeh A. A review of challenges and barriers implementing RFID technology in the Healthcare sector. Procedia Computer Science. 2020;170:1003-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.094

[41] Abugabah A., Nizamuddin N., Abuqabbeh A. A review of challenges and barriers implementing RFID technology in the Healthcare sector // Procedia Computer Science. 2020. Vol. 170. P. 1003-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.094

[42] Abugabah A, Nizamuddin N, Abuqabbeh A. A review of challenges and barriers implementing RFID technology in the Healthcare sector. Procedia Computer Science. 2020;170:1003-1010. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.094

[43] Orakbayev AB, Kurmangali ZhK, Begaliyev YeN, et al. On the issue of using the results of a virtual autopsy in criminal investigation: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(2):183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774

[44] Оракбаев А.Б., Курмангали Ж.К., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. К вопросу об использовании результатов виртуальной аутопсии (виртопсии) в ходе расследования преступлений: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 2. С. 183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774

[45] Orakbayev AB, Kurmangali ZhK, Begaliyev YeN, et al. On the issue of using the results of a virtual autopsy in criminal investigation: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(2):183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774

[46] Barinov EH, Romanova OL, Sundukov DV, et al. A case of death in a sewer collector. Medical newsletter of Vyatka. 2023;(3):98-101. EDN: KMYMKX doi: 10.24412/2220-7880-2023-3-98-101

[47] Баринов Е.Х., Романова О.Л., Сундуков Д.В., и др. Случай гибели в канализационном коллекторе // Вятский медицинский вестник. 2023. № 3. С. 98-101. EDN: KMYMKX doi: 10.24412/2220-7880-2023-3-98-101

[48] Barinov EH, Romanova OL, Sundukov DV, et al. A case of death in a sewer collector. Medical newsletter of Vyatka. 2023;(3):98-101. EDN: KMYMKX doi: 10.24412/2220-7880-2023-3-98-101

[49] Reardon S. AI-controlled brain implants for mood disorders tested in people. Nature. 2017;551:549-550. doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.23031

[50] Reardon S. AI-controlled brain implants for mood disorders tested in people // Nature. 2017. Vol. 551. P. 549-550. doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.23031

[51] Reardon S. AI-controlled brain implants for mood disorders tested in people. Nature. 2017;551:549-550. doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.23031

[52] Iqbal F, Debbabi M, Fung BC. Artificial intelligence and digital forensics. In: Machine learning for authorship attribution and cyber forensics. International Series on Computer Entertainment and Media Technology. Springer, Cham; 2020. P. 139-150.

[53] Iqbal F., Debbabi M., Fung B.C. Artificial intelligence and digital forensics. In: Machine learning for authorship attribution and cyber forensics. International Series on Computer Entertainment and Media Technology. Springer, Cham, 2020. P. 139-150.

[54] Iqbal F, Debbabi M, Fung BC. Artificial intelligence and digital forensics. In: Machine learning for authorship attribution and cyber forensics. International Series on Computer Entertainment and Media Technology. Springer, Cham; 2020. P. 139-150.

[55] Gerke S, Minssen T, Cohen G. Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare. In book: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. Academic Press; 2020. С. 295-336. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818438-7.00012-5

[56] Gerke S., Minssen T., Cohen G. Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare // Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. Academic Press, 2020. С. 295-336. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818438-7.00012-5

[57] Gerke S, Minssen T, Cohen G. Ethical and legal challenges of artificial intelligence-driven healthcare. In book: Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. Academic Press; 2020. С. 295-336. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818438-7.00012-5

[58] Rawling P. Deontology. Cambridge University Press; 2023. doi: 10.1017/9781108581196

[59] Rawling P. Deontology. Cambridge University Press, 2023. doi: 10.1017/9781108581196

[60] Rawling P. Deontology. Cambridge University Press; 2023. doi: 10.1017/9781108581196

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector