Role of growth factors in the development of placental failure and pre-eclampsia

Abstract

The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and placental lactogen (PG) in the development of placental failure and preeclampsia was studied in order to develop measures for early prevention of prenatal morbidity and mortality. A total of 102 pregnant women were examined, distributed into 4 groups. Group 1 (n=30) were patients with placental failure, median age 33±3 years. Group 2 (n=30) included patients with moderate pre-eclampsia, median age 33±5 years. Group 3 (n=10) were patients with placental failure and pre-eclampsia, median age 33±2 years. Group 4 (reference group; n=32) were pregnant patients without above conditions, median age 34±5 years. Serum IGF-1 and PL were measured in all women at weeks 20-30, in addition to standard examinations. The level of IGF-1 increased in normal pregnancy with its prolongation. Its levels were lower in groups 1 and 2. In group 3 IGF-1 levels were lower than in control and higher than in groups 1 and 2; this fact could indicate reduction of the compensatory potential. The concentration of PL was normal in normal gestation, higher than normally in pre-eclampsia, and lower in placental failure. Hence, changed levels of IGF-1 and PL could indicate early disorders in the fetoplacental function, which suggested early drug correction of metabolic disorders in order to reduce perinatal mortality.

Keywords

placental failure / pre-eclampsia / risk factors / insulin-like growth factor-1 / placental lactogen

References

[1] Соколян А.В., Мурашко А.В., Кречетова Л.В. и др. Динамика ангиогенных факторов роста во время беременности и в послеродовом периоде у беременных с хронической недостаточностью. Акушерство и гинекология. 2009; 2: 20-23.

[2] Roberts J.M., Taylor R.N., Musci T.S. et al. Preeclampsia: an endothelial cell disorder. Am. J. Obstetr. Gynecol. 1989; 161: 1200-1204.

[3] Schmidt M., Dogan C., Birdir C. et al. Altered angiogenesis in preeclampsia: evaluation of a new test system for measuring placental growth factor. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007; 45 (11): 1504-1510.

[4] Бурлев В.А., Зайдиева З.С., Тютюник В.Л. Клинико-диагностическое значение определения фактора роста плаценты у беременных с хронической плацентарной недостаточностью. Проблемы репродукции. 2001; 5: 31-34.

[5] Athannassiades A., Lala P.K. Role of placenta growth factor (PLGF) in human extravillious trophoblast proliferation, migration and invasiveness. Placenta. 1998; 19 (7): 465-473.

[6] Стрижаков А.Н., Тимохина Е.В., Тарабрина Т.В. Клиническое значение инсулиноподобного фактора роста при синдроме задержки развития плода. Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. 2009; 8 (5): 5-9.

[7] Филиппов О.С. Плацентарная недостаточность: клиническое руководство по эффективной помощи. М.: МЕД-пресс-инфо, 2009; 124-137.

[8] Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor and the regulaition of angiogenesis. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 2000; 55: 15-35.

[9] Качалина Т.С., Лебедева Н.В., Ильина Л.Н. Антиоксидантная терапия плацентарной недостаточности при гестозе. Вопросы акушерства гинекологии и перинатологии. 2007; 6 (1): 2-4.

[10] Wallenbu rg H.C. Placental insuffi ciency: pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches. Triangle. 1990; 29 (4): 326-356.

[11] Åsvold B.O., Eskild A., Jenum P.A., Vatten L.J. Maternal concen trations of insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 during pregnancy and birth weight of offspring. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2011; 15; 174 (2): 129-135.

[12] Peng H.Y., Xue M., Xia A.B. Study on changes of IGF-I and leptin levels in serum and placental tissue of prceclampsia patients and their associativity. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011; 27(2): 192-194.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector