Errors in the diagnosis of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer and modern opportunities to improve the quality of primary screening
Elena V. Kolomeets , Lyudmila P. Tarasova , Tal'yana D. Potekhina , Elena V. Virivskaya , Kamil’ R. Bakhtiyarov
V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology ›› 2024, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1) : 57 -67.
Errors in the diagnosis of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer and modern opportunities to improve the quality of primary screening
The high prevalence of precancerous pathologies and cervical cancer indicates their relevance. Cervical cancer ranks fourth among the causes of mortality of women with cancer worldwide and second in women aged 15–44 years. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 500 thousand new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide. In Russia, more than 15 thousand new cases are registered annually, and nearly half of them (47.8%) end in death. The increase in the frequency of advanced stages and the increase in mortality among women of reproductive age are of particular concern. According to statistical data from the oncology database of the Moscow Hertzen Cancer Research Institute, the incidence of cervical cancer over 10 years increased by 2.12% annually.
This article presents the results of the statistical analysis of data for assessing the incidence of precancer pathologies and cervical cancer and discusses trends in the spread and juvenation of this pathology as well as its causes. The results of the analysis of errors in diagnosing intraepithelial lesions and modern possibilities for its optimization are also presented.
cervical cancer (CC) / intraepithelial lesions of the cervix / primary screening / oncocytology / risk factors / colposcopy / fluorescence microscopy / fluorescent and phase-contrast microscopy of smears / confocal microscopy / tumor markers / optical coherence tomography
| [1] |
Adamyan LV, Artymuk NV, Ashrafyan LA, et al. Benign and precancerous diseases of the cervix from the perspective of cancer prevention (letter of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated November 2, 2017 No. 15-4/10/2-7676). Moscow; 2017. (In Russ). |
| [2] |
Адамян Л.В., Артымук Н.В., Ашрафян Л.А., и др. Доброкачественные и предраковые заболевания шейки матки с позиции профилактики рака (письмо Минздрава РФ от 2 ноября 2017 г. №15-4/10/2-7676). Москва, 2017. |
| [3] |
Axel EM. Incidence and mortality from malignant tumors of the female reproductive system in Russia. Gynecologic Oncology. 2015;(1):6–15. |
| [4] |
Аксель Е.М. Заболеваемость и смертность от злокачественных новообразований органов женской репродуктивной системы в России // Онкогинекология. 2015. № 1. С. 6–15. |
| [5] |
Alyautdina OS, Sinitsina OV. The optimization of diagnostic of cervix cancer. Russian Medicine. 2015;21(6):25–27. doi: 10.17816/rmj38283 |
| [6] |
Аляутдина О.С., Синицына О.В. Оптимизация диагностики рака шейки матки // Российский медицинский журнал. 2015. Т. 21, № 6. С. 25–27. doi: 10.17816/rmj38283 |
| [7] |
Apgar BS, Brotsman GL, Shpitser M. Colposcopy. Principles and practice. Transl. from Engl., edited by Prilepskaya VN, Bebneva TN. Moscow: Practical Medicine; 2014. |
| [8] |
Апгар Б.С., Броцман Г.Л., Шпицер М. Клиническая кольпоскопия: практическое руководство / пер. с англ. под ред. Прилепской В.Н., Бебневой Т.Н. Москва : Практическая медицина, 2014. |
| [9] |
Badalova LA, Rogovskaia SI. The modern methods of diagnosis of cervical neoplasia: the clinical-and-economic efficiency. Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2012;(2):2732. |
| [10] |
Бадалова Л.А., Роговская С.И. Современные методы диагностики цервикальной неоплазии: клинико-экономическая эффективность // Проблемы репродукции. 2012. № 2. С. 27–32. |
| [11] |
Berezhnov AV, Zinchenko VP, Fedotova EI, Yashin VA. The use of fluorescence microscopy in studies of Ca2+ dynamics in cells. Pushchino: Training Center of the Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2007. 65 p. (In Russ). |
| [12] |
Бережнов А.В., Зинченко В.П., Федотова Е.И., Яшин В.А. Применение флуоресцентной микроскопии в исследованиях динамики Са2+ в клетках. Пущино : Учебный центр Института биофизики клетки РАН, 2007. 65 с. |
| [13] |
Bokhman YaV. A guide to oncogynecology. Moscow: Kniga po Trebovaniyu; 2012. 464 p. (In Russ). |
| [14] |
Бохман Я.В. Руководство по онкогинекологии. Москва : Книга по Требованию, 2012. 464 с. |
| [15] |
Damirov MM. Radio wave, cryogenic and laser technologies in diagnostics and treatment in gynecology. Moscow: BINOM; 2011. 319 p. (In Russ). |
| [16] |
Дамиров М.М. Радиоволновые, криогенные и лазерные технологии в диагностике и лечении в гинекологии. Москва : БИНОМ, 2011. 319 с. |
| [17] |
Sukhikh GT, Prilepskaya VN, Bebneva TN, et al. Prevention of Cervical Cancer: a Guide for Doctors. 3rd ed., reprint. and suppl. / Sukhikh GT, Prilepskaya VN, editors. Moscow: MEDpress-inform; 2012. (In Russ). |
| [18] |
Сухих Г.Т., Прилепская В.Н., Бебнева Т.Н., и др. Профилактика рака шейки матки: руководство для врачей. 3-е изд., перераб. и доп. / под ред. Сухих Г.Т., Прилепской В.Н. Москва : МЕДпресс-информ, 2012. |
| [19] |
Ugryumov MV. Modern methods of immunocytochemistry and histochemistry. Moscow: All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 1991. 115 p. (In Russ). |
| [20] |
Угрюмов М.В. Современные методы иммуноцитохимии и гистохимии. Москва : ВИНИТИ, 1991. 115 c. |
| [21] |
Feofanov AV. Spectral laser scanning confocal microscopy in biological research. Uspekhi biologicheskoi khimii. 2007;47:371–410. (In Russ). |
| [22] |
Феофанов А.В. Cпектральная лазерная сканирующая конфокальная микроскопия в биологических исследованиях // Успехи биологической химии. 2007. Т. 47. С. 371–410. |
| [23] |
Khasanov RSh, Bilalov I, Bilalov R, Gurov V. Cervical cancer screening: the experience of Novosheshminsky and Sarmanovsky districts of Tatarstan. Healthy Nation. 2012;(2):34–36. (In Russ). |
| [24] |
Хасанов Р.Ш., Билалов И., Билалов Р., Гуров В. Скрининг рака шейки матки: опыт Новошешминского и Сармановского районов Татарстана // Healthy Nation. 2012. № 2. С. 34–36. |
| [25] |
Serov VN, Sukhikh GT, Prilepskaya VN, Radzinskii VE, editors. Guidelines for outpatient care in obstetrics and gynecology. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2016. (In Russ). |
| [26] |
Руководство по амбулаторно-поликлинической помощи в акушерстве и гинекологии / под ред. В.Н. Серова, Г.Т. Сухих, В.Н. Прилепской, В.Е. Радзинского. Москва : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2016. |
| [27] |
Elgina SI, Zolotorevskaya OS, Razumova VA, Kratovskiy AY. Application of liquid-based cytology in diagnosing cervical pathology. Mother and Baby in Kuzbass. 2018;19(3):46–49. |
| [28] |
Елгина С.И., Золоторевская О.С., Разумова В.А., Кратовский А.Ю. Применение жидкостной цитологии в ранней диагностике рака шейки матки // Мать и дитя в Кузбассе. 2018. Т. 3, № 74. С. 46–49. |
| [29] |
Vedunova MV. Immunocytochemical research methods in cell cultures and tissues. Educational and methodical manual. Nizhny Novgorod: Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky; 2011. (In Russ). |
| [30] |
Ведунова М.В. Иммуноцитохимические методы исследований в клеточных культурах и тканях. Учебно-методическое пособие. Нижний Новгород : Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского, 2011. |
| [31] |
Kogan YeA, Fayzullina NM, Demura TA, et al. The optimal screening of cervix cancer: combination of polymerase chain reaction technique in real time (Cobas 4800 device) with liquid cytology. Klin Lab Diagn. 2012;(12):18–20. |
| [32] |
Коган Е.А., Файзуллина Н.М., Демура Т.А., и др. Оптимальный скрининг рака шейки матки — сочетание метода ПЦР в реальном времени (прибор Cobas 4800) с жидкостной цитологией // Клиническая лабораторная диагностика. 2012. № 12. С. 18–20. |
| [33] |
Minkina GN. Cytological screening of the cervical cancer: from the traditional PAP-test to computer technologies. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction. 2017;11(1):56–64. doi: 10.17749/2313-7347.2017.11.1.056-063 |
| [34] |
Минкина Г.Н. Цитологический скрининг рака шейки матки: от традиционного ПАП-теста к компьютерным технологиям // Акушерство, гинекология и репродукция. 2017. Т. 11, № 1. С. 56–64. doi: 10.17749/2313-7347.2017.11.1.056-063 |
| [35] |
Marochko KV. The sensitivity of distinct techniques for identification of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and cervical cancer. Fundamental and Clinical Medicine. 2016;1(2):51–55. |
| [36] |
Марочко К.В. Чувствительность методов исследования в выявлении цервикальной интраэпителиальной неоплазии 3 степени и рака шейки матки // Фундаментальная и клиническая медицина. 2016. Т. 1, № 2. С. 51–55. |
| [37] |
Novik VI. Cervical Cancer Screening. Practical oncology. 2010;11(2):66–73. (In Russ). |
| [38] |
Новик В.И. Скрининг рака шейки матки // Практическая онкология. 2010. Т. 11, № 2. С. 66–73. |
| [39] |
Abuzarova GR, Alentov II, Anpilogov SV, et al. Oncogynecology. National leadership. Kaprin AD, Ashrafyan LA, Stilidi IS, editors. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2019. doi: 10.33029/9704-5329-2-ONR-2019-1-384 |
| [40] |
Абузарова Г.Р., Алентов И.И., Анпилогов С.В., и др. Онкогинекология. Национальное руководство / под ред. Каприна А.Д., Ашрафяна Л.А., Стилиди И.С. Москва : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2019. doi: 10.33029/9704-5329-2-ONR-2019-1-384 |
| [41] |
Savel’eva GM, Sukhikh GT, Serov VN, Radzinskii VE, Manukhin IB, editors. Gynecology: National guidelines. 2nd edition, reprint. and add. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2020. (In Russ). |
| [42] |
Гинекология: национальное руководство / под ред. Г.М. Савельевой, Г.Т. Сухих, В.Н. Серова, В.Е. Радзинского, И.Б. Манухина. 2-е издание, перераб. и доп. Москва : ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2020. |
| [43] |
Stepanenko OV, Verkhusha VV, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Fluorescent proteins: physical-chemical properties and application in cell biology. Tsitologiia. 2007;49(5):395–420. |
| [44] |
Степаненко О.В., Верхуша В.В., Кузнецова И.М., Туроверов К.К. Флуоресцентные белки: физико-химические свойства и использование в клеточной биологии // Цитология. 2007. Т. 49, № 5. C. 395–420. |
| [45] |
Lezhnev EI, Popova II, Kuzmin SV, Slashchev SM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy: principles, arrangement, application (part 1). Nauchnoe priborostroenie. 2001;11(2):3–20. |
| [46] |
Лежнев Э.И., Попова И.И., Кузьмин С.В., Слащев С.М. Конфокальная лазерная сканирующая микроскопия: принципы, устройство, применение (часть 1) // Научное приборостроение. 2001. Т. 11, № 2. С. 3–20. |
| [47] |
Egner A, Hell SW. Fluorescence microscopy with super-resolved optical sections. Trends Cell Biol. 2005;15(4):207–215. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2005.02.003 |
| [48] |
Egner A., Hell S.W. Fluorescence microscopy with super-resolved optical sections // Trends Cell Biol. 2005. Vol. 15, N. 4. P. 207–215. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2005.02.003 |
| [49] |
Fernández-Suárez M, Ting AY. Fluorescent probes for super-resolution imaging in living cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008;9(12):929–943. doi: 10.1038/nrm2531 |
| [50] |
Fernández-Suárez M., Ting A.Y. Fluorescent probes for super-resolution imaging in living cells // Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008. Vol. 9, N. 12. P. 929–943. doi: 10.1038/nrm2531 |
| [51] |
Grynkiewicz G, Poenie M, Tsien RY. A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties. J Biol Chem. 1985;260(6):3440–3450. |
| [52] |
Grynkiewicz G., Poenie M., Tsien R.Y. A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties // J Biol Chem. 1985. Vol. 260, N. 6. P. 3440–3450. |
| [53] |
Shtein GI. A guide to confocal microscopy. St. Petersburg: Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2007. 77 p. (In Russ). |
| [54] |
Штейн Г.И. Руководство по конфокальной микроскопии. Санкт-Петербург : Институт цитологии РАН, 2007. 77 с. |
| [55] |
Chissov VI, Starinskiy VV, Petrova GV, editor. Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2010 (morbidity and mortality). Moscow: PA Herzen Moscow Scientific Research Oncological Institute; 2012. (In Russ). |
| [56] |
Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2010 году (заболеваемость и смертность) / под ред. В.И. Чиссова, В.В. Старинского, Г.В. Петровой. Москва : Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена, 2012. |
| [57] |
Churuksaeva ON, Kolomiets LA. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Vestnik Rossiiskogo onkologicheskogo nauchnogo tsentra im. N.N. Blokhina Rossiiskoi akademii meditsinskikh nauk. 2010;21(2):1–3. (In Russ). |
| [58] |
Чуруксаева О.Н., Коломиец Л.А. Неоадъювантная химиотерапия с включением гемцитабина в лечении местнораспространённого рака шейки матки // Вестник РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина РАМН. 2010. Т. 21, № 2. С. 75–80. |
| [59] |
Pawley JB, editor. Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy. New York: Springer; 2006. |
| [60] |
Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy / ed. by J.B. Pawley. 3rd ed. New York : Springer, 2006. |
| [61] |
Hell SW, Dyba M, Jakobs S. Concepts for nanoscale resolution in fluorescence microscopy. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2004;14(5):599–609. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2004.08.015 |
| [62] |
Hell S.W., Dyba M., Jakobs S. Concepts for nanoscale resolution in fluorescence microscopy // Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2004. Vol. 14, N. 5. P. 599–609. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2004.08.015 |
| [63] |
Holthoff K, Zecevic D, Konnerth A. Rapid time course of action potentials in spines and remote dendrites of mouse visual cortex neurons. J Physiol. 2010;588(Pt 7):1085–1096. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.184960 |
| [64] |
Holthoff K., Zecevic D., Konnerth A. Rapid time course of action potentials in spines and remote dendrites of mouse visual cortex neurons // J Physiol. 2010. Vol. 588(Pt 7). P. 1085–1096. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.184960 |
| [65] |
Huang B, Bates M, Zhuang X. Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy. Ann Rev Biochem. 2009;78:993–1016. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.061906.092014 |
| [66] |
Huang B., Bates M., Zhuang X. Super-Resolution Fluorescence Microscopy // Ann Rev Biochem. 2009. Vol. 78. P. 993–1016. doi: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.061906.092014 |
| [67] |
Lukyanov KA, Chudakov DM, Lukyanov S, Verkhusha VV. Innovation: Photoactivatable fluorescent proteins. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2005;6(11):885–891. doi: 10.1038/nrm1741 |
| [68] |
Lukyanov K.A., Chudakov D.M., Lukyanov S., Verkhusha V.V. Innovation: Photoactivatable fluorescent proteins // Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2005. Vol. 6, N. 11. P. 885–891. doi: 10.1038/nrm1741 |
| [69] |
The Molecular Probes Handbook: A Guide to Fluorescent Probes and Labeling Technologies. Ed. by MTZ Spence, I Jonson. 11th edition. London: Life Technologies; 2010. 623 p. |
| [70] |
The Molecular Probes Handbook: A Guide to Fluorescent Probes and Labeling Technologies / ed. by M.T.Z. Spence, I. Jonson. 11th edition. London : Life Technologies, 2010. 623 p. |
| [71] |
Pan QJ, Hu SY, Zhang X, et al. Pooled analysis of performance of liquid based cytology in population-based cervical cancer screening studies in China. Cancer Cytopathol. 2013;121(9):473–482. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21297 |
| [72] |
Pan Q.J., Hu S.Y., Zhang X., et al. Pooled analysis of performance of liquid based cytology in population-based cervical cancer screening studies in China // Cancer Cytopathol. 2013. Vol. 121, N. 9. P. 473–482. doi: 10,1002/cncy.21297 |
| [73] |
Siebers AG, Klinkhamer PJ, Grefte JM, et al. Comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology for detection of cervical cancer precursors: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2009;302(16):1757. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1569 |
| [74] |
Siebers A.G., Klinkhamer P.J., Grefte J.M., et al. Comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology for detection of cervical cancer precursors: a randomized controlled trial // JAMA. 2009. Vol. 302, N. 16. P. 1757. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1569 |
| [75] |
Smith RA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Brooks D, et al. Cancer screening in the United States, 2014: a review of current American Cancer Society guiedlines and Current issues in cancer screening. CA Canser J Clin. 2014;64(1):30–51. doi: 10.3322/caac.21212 |
| [76] |
Smith R.A., Manassaram-Baptiste D., Brooks D., et al. Cancer screening in the United States, 2014: a review of current American Cancer Society guiedlines and Current issues in cancer screening // CA Canser J Clin. 2014. Vol. 64, N. 1. P. 30–51. doi: 10.3322/caac.21212 |
Eco-Vector
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |