Early prediction of placental insufficiency in obese women

Abstract

Obesity is one of the most important problems in modern health care. The high prevalence of this pathology also affects women of reproductive age, which leads to an increase in the prevalence of obesity in pregnant women.

Purpose of the work ‒ analysis of the effect of adipokine indicators on predicting the development of placental insufficiency in obese women.

Materials and methods. 225 women were examined who were subdivided by such a parameter as obesity into 4 groups: 3 main and 1 control. The control group consisted of 55 pregnant women with an initially normal BMI value (18.5‒24.9 kg/m²). Group 1st included 109 pregnant women with grade I obesity (BMI 31.88 ± 1.4 kg/m²), group 2nd ‒ 34 pregnant women with grade II obesity (BMI 36.6 ± 1.1 kg/m²), group 3rd ‒ 31 pregnant women with grade III obesity (BMI 42.2 ± 1.9 kg/m²).

We studied the data of the anamnesis of pregnant women (somatic and obstetric-gynecological), indicators of adiponectin and omentin, peculiarities of the course of pregnancy and childbirth (data of cardiotocography (CTG), ultrasound markers of disturbances in the formation and functioning of the fetoplacental complex), indicators of labor activity, parameters of newborns (mass-growth, state on the Apgar scale, ponderal index, fetal-placental ratio) and the course of the postpartum period.

When conducting statistical analysis in the case of comparing two dependent (paired) samples of parameters, the paired Student’s t-test was used.

The results were considered statistically significant if the р was less than 0.05. With this indicator, the value of the probability of difference between the compared categories was more than 95%.

Results. The possibility of predicting the development of placental insufficiency depending on the concentrations of omentin and adiponectin was confirmed. The development of placental insufficiency is most likely with omentin values in the range of 177.6‒191.2 μg/ml and adiponectin in the range of 16.0‒22.5 μg/ml.

Conclusion. Determination of adipokine levels at 8‒9 weeks gestation may be practically significant in predicting the development of placental insufficiency in obese women.

Keywords

obesity / pregnancy / omentin / adiponectin / fetoplacental insufficiency

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