Morphogenesis of the gall bladder — a mystery of the XXI century

Abstract

This discussion article presents the theoretical background and results of our own histological study of the ampulla of the papilla of Vater in various animals to explain the absence of the gallbladder in some animals. In particular, the authors studied the structure of the duodenal mucosa in rats and rabbits. They suggest that the evolutionary loss of the gallbladder in some animals is associated with the need for rapid movement in space and high maneuverability. The realization of these properties may be hindered by a fluid-filled organ.

Keywords

gallbladder / morphogenesis / histogenesis

References

[1] Housset C., Chrétien Y., Debray D. et al. Functions of the Gallbladder. Compr. Physiol. 2016; 6(3): 1549–77.

[2] Биологический энциклопедический словарь. 2-е изд. Москва: М.С. Гиляров; 1986. Советская Энциклопедия; 198. [Biological encyclopedic dictionary. 2nd ed. Moscow: M.S. Gilyarov; 1986. Soviet Encyclopedia; 198].

[3] Stornelli M.R., Ricciardi M.P., Giannessi E. et al. Morphological and histological study of the ostrich (Struthio Camelus L.) liver and biliary system. Ital. J. Anat. Embryol. 2006; 111(1): 1–7.

[4] Биология. Современная иллюстрированная энциклопедия. Москва: А.П. Горкин; 2006. Росмэн; 156. [Biology. Modern illustrated encyclopedia. Moscow: A.P. Gorkin; 2006. Rosman; 156].

[5] Ермолов А.С., Гуляев А.А. Острый холецистит: современные методы лечения. Лечащий врач. 2005; 2: 16–8. [Yermolov A.S., Gulyaev A.A. Acute cholecystitis: modern methods of treatment. Lechaschi Vrach J. 2005; 2: 16–8].

[6] Hassan S., Young A.L., Farooq M., Pai D. et al. Accessory gallbladder: a new anatomical variation arising from both left and right hepatic ducts. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 2012; 94(6): 204–5.

[7] Хigashiyama H., Uemura M., Igarashi H. et al. Anatomy and development of the extrahepatic biliary system in mouse and rat: a perspective on the evolutionary loss of the gallbladder. J. Anat. 2018; 232(1): 134–45.

[8] Kruepunga N., Hakvoort T.B.M., Hikspoors J.P. et al. Anatomy of rodent and human livers: What are the differences? Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Mol. Basis. Dis. 2019; 1865(5): 869–78.

[9] Jackson R.J., McClellan D. Agenesis of the gallbladder. A cause of false-positive ultrasonography. Am. Surg. 1989; 55(1): 36–40.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector