The effect of the cell-free matrix of the human umbilical cord on the growth dynamics and viability of cultured human and animal cells ex vivo

Abstract

Due to its extraembryonic origin, the umbilical cord retains regenerative molecules of the fetal phenotype The cell-free matrix of the human umbilical cord as the basis of various tissue-engineering structures (TES) for regenerative medicine can contribute to the repopulation of transplanted matrices by patient-specific cells. The aim of the work was to study in vitro the cytotoxic properties of a tissue-engineered lyophilized cell-free matrix made by the detergent method from the human umbilical cord Warton jelly with respect to human skin fibroblasts, as well as the effect of this matrix on the viability and growth of cells of the cerebral cortex, liver, spleen, articular cartilage, heart and skin of various laboratory animals during organotypic cultivation. Using the MTT test, it was revealed that the tissue-engineered acellular lyophilized matrix of the human umbilical cord does not show a toxic effect on human dermal fibroblast. When using the method of organ cultures, differences were revealed in the influence of the tissue-engineered matrix on the migration of cells from explants of tissues of different organs of various laboratory animals, their growth dynamics and viability, which may be due to species specificity, which must be taken into account when choosing test systems. The most noticeable positive effect of the matrix on the growth dynamics and viability of articular cartilage explant cells was found. Adhesion to the matrix of cells of the cerebral cortex of the Vietnamese lop-bellied pig as well as cells of the spleen of a guinea pig was revealed. The cell-free human umbilical cord matrix can be used in the creation of acellular matrices for the treatment of deep dermal and articular cartilage damages.

Keywords

cell culture / decellularization / human umbilical cord Warton jelly / acellular matrix / tissue engineering

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