CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES OF SONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSTICS TIBIAL OSTEOCHONDROMAS

Abstract

Osteochondroma is the most common tumor of the skeleton. Its frequency is more than 40% of benign and at least 20% of all human bone tumors. The objective of this study was to improve methods of diagnostics of shin bone osteochondromas with using of modern imaging techniques. There were treated 81 patients with primary tibia osteochondroma and one with a secondary chondrosarcoma during the period from 2000 to 2011 in the Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Astrakhan Medical Academy Diagnostics was based on the data of anamnesis, physical examination, standard X-rays and computed tomography. We applied ultrasound studies of shin bones in 11 patients. The ultrasonography has allowed revealing two main forms of osteochondromas: “globular-shaped” and “hill-shaped”. The tumor goes into the third “cauliflower-shaped” form in the case of malignant transformation. The distribution of the cartilage on the osteochondroma surface is irregular and depends on the tumor shape. The indirectly malignant signs are the loss of sharpness and smoothness of the contour, hyperechoic inclusions in the cartilage cap.

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