Features of the microbiota of adults and older people under normal and chronic rhinosinusitis conditions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Aging is naturally associated with morphofunctional rearrangement.

AIM: This study aimed to examine and compare the microbiota of adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis aged 60–95 and 45–59 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed in Volgograd Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 in an otorhinolaryngological adult department. Laboratory studies and microorganism identification were performed in the bacteriological department of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of Clinic No. 1 of Volgograd State Medical University. All patients underwent endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity with a smear from the middle nasal passage. After sampling, the material was delivered to the laboratory for all bacteriological examinations and microorganism identification.

RESULTS: During the bacteriological study, 6 genera and 12 species of microorganisms were isolated (relative frequency of isolation %), and Staphylococcus spp. (78.45%) and Enterococcus spp. (16.45%) were the main representatives of the microbiota in the nasal cavity of patients aged 45–95 years. Staphylococcus spp. represent the basis of the microbiotype in the sinonasal microbiome and the predominant genus in patients regardless of the pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Staphylococcus aureus (45.48%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (19.57%), and Enterococcus faecalis (9.99%) were the three dominant types in all age groups. However, in patients aged 60–95 years with chronic rhinosinusitis, in addition to Staphylococcus spp. (66.67%) and Enterococcus spp. (10.67%), representatives of Pseudomonadales (6.01%) and Candidiales (6.0%) were also observed. In patients aged 60–95 years with chronic rhinosinusitis, the microbial landscape of the nasal mucosa was represented by various strains of Staphylococcus spp.

CONCLUSIONS: The microbiota in patients aged 60–95 years with chronic rhinosinusitis is very diverse compared with those in younger individuals and patients without inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses.

Keywords

chronic rhinosinusitis / microbiome / elderly and senile age / nasal mucosa

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