Additive technologies in surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformities in children: a literature review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite the availability of many surgical treatment options, the surgical management of congenital spinal deformities in preschool children remains a significant and pressing problem. Current techniques for transpedicular screw placement have some limitations.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of children with congenital thoracic and lumbar deformities with impaired vertebral development based on literature data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article reviews the literature on surgical techniques for congenital spinal deformities using additive technologies. Data searches were performed using keywords in the PubMed and eLibrary databases. A total of 396 papers were selected for 2000–2023, of which 51 were thematically relevant.

RESULTS: It is too early to draw conclusions about the positive results of using additive techniques, especially in the surgical treatment of congenital deformities in preschool children with hemivertebrae, due to the small number of patients described in the literature by different authors.

CONCLUSIONS: After reviewing several articles on the use of guides for transpedicular screw placement in congenital thoracic and lumbar anomalies in early preschool children with impaired vertebral development, it is concluded that this promising technique provides high accuracy of screw placement, reduces the number of complications, but further research is needed.

Keywords

congenital scoliosis / hemivertebra / surgical guide / 3D prototyping

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