Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation in urology

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the usage of extracorporeal magnetic stimulation in the treatment of urological diseases. Based on the analysis of scientific publications in the PubMed, Medscape, Google Scholar databases, modern data on the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of this method, the method of performing the procedure, the results of clinical studies of its effectiveness in the treatment of urinary incontinence, bladder hypoactivity, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation are presented.

Keywords

extracorporeal magnetic stimulation / urinary incontinence / chronic pelvic pain syndrome / bladder hypoactivity / erectile dysfunction

References

[1] Rossini PM, Burke D, Chen R, et al. Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord, roots and peripheral nerves: Basic principles and procedures for routine clinical and research application. An updated report from an I.F.C.N. Committee. Clin Neurophysiol. 2015;126(6):1071–1107. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.02.001

[2] Rossini P.M., Burke D., Chen R., et al. Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord, roots and peripheral nerves: Basic principles and procedures for routine clinical and research application. An updated report from an I.F.C.N. Committee // Clin Neurophysiol. 2015. Vol. 126, No. 6. P. 1071–1107. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.02.001

[3] Barker AT, Freeston IL, Jalinous R, Jarratt JA. Magnetic stimulation of the human brain and peripheral nervous system. Neurosurgery. 1987;20(1):100–109. DOI: 10.1097/00006123-198701000-00024

[4] Barker A.T., Freeston I.L., Jalinous R., Jarratt J.A. Magnetic stimulation of the human brain and peripheral nervous system // Neurosurgery. 1987. Vol. 20, No. 1. P. 100–109. DOI: 10.1097/00006123-198701000-00024

[5] Al-Shukri SK, Ananiy IA, Amdiy RE, Kuzmin IV. Electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor in the treatment of patients with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2016;6(4):10–13:10–13. DOI: 10.17816/uroved6410-13

[6] Аль-Шукри С.Х., Ананий И.А., Амдий Р.Э., Кузьмин И.В. Электростимуляция мышц тазового дна в лечении больных с недержанием мочи после радикальной простатэктомии // Урологические ведомости. 2016. Т. 6, № 4. С. 10–13. DOI: 10.17816/uroved6410-13

[7] Yang MH, Huang YH, Lai YF, et al. Comparing electromagnetic stimulation with electrostimulation plus biofeedback in treating male refractory chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urol Sci. 2017;28(3): 156–161. DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2017.03.006

[8] Yang M.H., Huang Y.H., Lai Y.F., et al. Comparing electromagnetic stimulation with electrostimulation plus biofeedback in treating male refractory chronic pelvic pain syndrome // Urol Sci. 2017. Vol. 28, No. 3. P. 156–161. DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2017.03.006

[9] Zerman DH, Ishigooka M, Doggweiler R, Schmidt RA. Neurourological insights into the etiology of genitourinary pain in men. J Urol. 1999;161(3):903–908. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61802-0

[10] Zerman D.H., Ishigooka M., Doggweiler R., Schmidt R.A. Neurourological insights into the etiology of genitourinary pain in men // J Urol. 1999. Vol. 161, No. 3. P. 903–908. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61802-0

[11] Hetrick DC, Ciol MA, Rothman I, et al. Musculoskeletal Dysfunction in Men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III: A Case-control Study. J Urol. 2003;170(3):828–831. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000080513.13968.56

[12] Hetrick D.C., Ciol M.A., Rothman I., et al. Musculoskeletal Dysfunction in Men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III: A Case-control Study // J Urol. 2003. Vol. 170, No. 3. P. 828–831. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000080513.13968.56

[13] Pontari MA, Ruggieri MR. Mechanisms in prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J Urol. 2008;179(5S): S61–S67. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.139

[14] Pontari M.A., Ruggieri M.R. Mechanisms in Prostatitis / Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome // J Urol. 2008. Vol. 179, No. 5S. P. S61–S67. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.139

[15] Chang PC, Wu CT, Huang ST, et al. Extracorporeal magnetic innervation increases functional bladder capacity and quality of life in patients with urinary incontinence after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Urol Sci. 2015;26(4):250–253. DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2015.06.286

[16] Chang P.C., Wu C.T., Huang S.T., et al. Extracorporeal magnetic innervation increases functional bladder capacity and quality of life in patients with urinary incontinence after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy // Urol Sci. 2015. Vol. 26, No. 4. P. 250–253. DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2015.06.286

[17] Khedr EM, Elbeh KA, Baky AA, et al. A double-blind randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of magnetic sacral root stimulation for the treatment of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2015;33(4):435–445. DOI: 10.3233/RNN-150507

[18] Khedr E.M., Elbeh K.A., Baky A.A., et al. A double-blind randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of magnetic sacral root stimulation for the treatment of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis // Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2015. Vol. 33, No. 4. P. 435–445. DOI: 10.3233/RNN-150507

[19] Fall M, Lindström S. Functional electrical stimulation: Physiological basis and clinical principles. Int Urogynecology J. 1994;5(5): 296–304. DOI: 10.1007/BF00376246

[20] Fall M., Lindström S. Functional electrical stimulation: Physiological basis and clinical principles // Int Urogynecology J. 1994. Vol. 5, No. 5. P. 296–304. DOI: 10.1007/BF00376246

[21] Koh JS, Kim SJ, Kim HS, Kim JC. Comparison of alpha-blocker, extracorporeal magnetic stimulation alone and in combination in the management of female bladder outlet obstruction. Int Urogynecology J. 2011;22(7):849–854. DOI: 10.1007/s00192-010-1322-y

[22] Koh J.S., Kim S.J., Kim H.S., Kim J.C. Comparison of alpha-blocker, extracorporeal magnetic stimulation alone and in combination in the management of female bladder outlet obstruction // Int Urogynecology J. 2011. Vol. 22, No. 7. P. 849–854. DOI: 10.1007/s00192-010-1322-y

[23] Shaker H, Wang Y, Loung D, et al. Role of C-afferent fibres in the mechanism of action of sacral nerve root neuromodulation in chronic spinal cord injury. BJU Int. 2001;85(7):905–910. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00559.x

[24] Shaker H., Wang Y., Loung D., et al. Role of C-afferent fibres in the mechanism of action of sacral nerve root neuromodulation in chronic spinal cord injury // BJU Int. 2001. Vol. 85, No. 7. P. 905–910. DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00559.x

[25] Lindström S, Fall M, Carlsson CA, Erlandson BE. The Neurophysiological Basis of Bladder Inhibition in Response to Intravaginal Electrical Stimulation. J Urol. 1983;129(2):405–410. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)52127-8

[26] Lindström S., Fall M., Carlsson C.A., Erlandson B.E. The Neurophysiological Basis of Bladder Inhibition in Response to Intravaginal Electrical Stimulation // J Urol. 1983. Vol. 129, No. 2. P. 405–410. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)52127-8

[27] Chandi DD, Groenendijk PM, Venema PL. Functional extracorporeal magnetic stimulation as a treatment for female urinary incontinence: the chair. BJU Int. 2004;93(4):439–442. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2003.04659.x

[28] Chandi D.D., Groenendijk P.M., Venema P.L. Functional extracorporeal magnetic stimulation as a treatment for female urinary incontinence: the chair // BJU Int. 2004. Vol. 93, No. 4. P. 439–442. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2003.04659.x

[29] Yamanishi T, Suzuki T, Sato R, et al. Effects of magnetic stimulation on urodynamic stress incontinence refractory to pelvic floor muscle training in a randomized sham-controlled study. LUTS Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2019;11(1):61–65. DOI: 10.1111/luts.12197

[30] Yamanishi T., Suzuki T., Sato R., et al. Effects of magnetic stimulation on urodynamic stress incontinence refractory to pelvic floor muscle training in a randomized sham-controlled study. LUTS // Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2019. Vol. 11, No. 1. P. 61–65. DOI: 10.1111/luts.12197

[31] Gilling PJ, Wilson LC, Westenberg AM, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of electromagnetic stimulation of the pelvic floor vs sham therapy in the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence. BJU Int. 2009;103(10):1386–1390. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08329.x

[32] Gilling P.J., Wilson L.C., Westenberg A.M., et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of electromagnetic stimulation of the pelvic floor vs sham therapy in the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence // BJU Int. 2009. Vol. 103, No. 10. P. 1386–1390. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08329.x

[33] Weber-Rajek M, Radzimińska A, Strączyńska A, et al. A randomized-controlled trial pilot study examining the effect of extracorporeal magnetic innervation in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:2473–2480. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S176588

[34] Weber-Rajek M., Radzimińska A., Strączyńska A., et al. A randomized-controlled trial pilot study examining the effect of extracorporeal magnetic innervation in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women // Clin Interv Aging. 2018. Vol. 13. P. 2473–2480. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S176588

[35] Rowe E, Smith C, Laverick L, et al. A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study of pelvic electromagnetic therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome with 1 year of followup. J Urol. 2005;173(6):2044–2047. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000158445.68149.38

[36] Rowe E., Smith C., Laverick L., et al. A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study of pelvic electromagnetic therapy for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome with 1 year of followup // J Urol. 2005. Vol. 173, No. 6. P. 2044–2047. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000158445.68149.38

[37] Bakar Y, Özdemir ÖC, Özengin N, Duran B. The use of extracorporeal magnetic innervation for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in older women: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011;284(5):1163–1168. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1814-5

[38] Bakar Y., Özdemir Ö.C., Özengin N., Duran B. The use of extracorporeal magnetic innervation for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in older women: a pilot study // Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011. Vol. 284, No. 5. P. 1163–1168. DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1814-5

[39] Weber-Rajek M, Strączyńska A, Strojek K, et al. Assessment of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) and Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation (ExMI) in Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. BioMed Res Int. 2020;2020:1019872. DOI: 10.1155/2020/1019872

[40] Weber-Rajek M., Strączyńska A., Strojek K., et al. Assessment of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) and Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation (ExMI) in Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial // BioMed Res Int. 2020. Vol. 2020. P. 1019872. DOI: 10.1155/2020/1019872

[41] Chen SY, Lin FS, Shen KH, et al. Non-invasive therapeutics in female urinary incontinence by extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI). Hu Li Za Zhi. 2005;52(3):53–58.

[42] Chen S.Y., Lin F.S., Shen K.H., et al. Non-invasive therapeutics in female urinary incontinence by extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) // Hu Li Za Zhi. 2005. Vol. 52, No. 3. P. 53–58.

[43] Krotova NO, Kuzmin IV, Ulitko TV. Biofeedback in treatment and rehabilitation of urinаry incontinence in women. Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;(6):57–65. DOI: 10.38025/2078-1962-2020-100-6-57-65

[44] Кротова Н.О., Кузьмин И.В., Улитко Т.В. Метод биологической обратной связи в лечении и реабилитации женщин с недержанием мочи // Вестник восстановительной медицины. 2020. № 6. С. 57–65. DOI: 10.38025/2078-1962-2020-100-6-57-65

[45] Galloway NT, El-Galley RE, Sand PK, et al. Update on extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) therapy for stress urinary incontinence. Urology. 2000;56(6):82–86. DOI: 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00686-5

[46] Galloway N.T., El-Galley R.E., Sand P.K., et al. Update on extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) therapy for stress urinary incontinence // Urology. 2000. Vol. 56, No. 6. P. 82–86. DOI: 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)00686-5

[47] Ünsal A, Saglam R, Cimentepe E. Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation for the treatment of stress and urge incontinence in women. Results of 1-year follow-up. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2003;37(5): 424–428. DOI: 10.1080/00365590310021258

[48] Ünsal A., Saglam R., Cimentepe E. Extracorporeal magnetic stimulation for the treatment of stress and urge incontinence in womenResults of 1-year follow-up // Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2003. Vol. 37, No. 5. P. 424–428. DOI: 10.1080/00365590310021258

[49] Yamanishi T, Yasuda K, Suda S, et al. Effect of functional continuous magnetic stimulation for urinary incontinence. J Urol. 2000;163(2):456–459. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67899-8

[50] Yamanishi T., Yasuda K., Suda S., et al. Effect of functional continuous magnetic stimulation for urinary incontinence // J Urol. 2000. Vol. 163, No. 2. P. 456–459. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)67899-8

[51] Peng L, Zeng X, Shen H, Luo D. Magnetic stimulation for female patients with stress urinary incontinence, a meta-analysis of studies with short-term follow-up. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(19): e15572. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015572

[52] Peng L., Zeng X., Shen H., Luo D. Magnetic stimulation for female patients with stress urinary incontinence, a meta-analysis of studies with short-term follow-up // Medicine (Baltimore). 2019. Vol. 98, No. 19. P. e15572. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015572

[53] Yamanishi T, Homma Y, Nishizawa O, et al. Multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled study on the efficacy of magnetic stimulation for women with urgency urinary incontinence. Int J Urol. 2014;21(4):395–400. DOI: 10.1111/iju.12289

[54] Yamanishi T., Homma Y., Nishizawa O., et al. Multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled study on the efficacy of magnetic stimulation for women with urgency urinary incontinence // Int J Urol. 2014. Vol. 21, No. 4. P. 395–400. DOI: 10.1111/iju.12289

[55] Groenendijk PM, Halilovic M, Chandi DD, et al. Extracorporeal magnetic innervation therapy: Assessment of clinical efficacy in relation to urodynamic parameters. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2008;42(5):433–436. DOI: 10.1080/00365590802022177

[56] Groenendijk P.M., Halilovic M., Chandi D.D., et al. Extracorporeal magnetic innervation therapy: Assessment of clinical efficacy in relation to urodynamic parameters // Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2008. Vol. 42, No. 5. P. 433–436. DOI: 10.1080/00365590802022177

[57] Yokoyama T, Nishiguchi J, Watanabe T, et al. Comparative study of effects of extracorporeal magnetic innervation versus electrical stimulation for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Urology. 2004;63(2):264–267. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2003.09.024

[58] Yokoyama T., Nishiguchi J., Watanabe T., et al. Comparative study of effects of extracorporeal magnetic innervation versus electrical stimulation for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy // Urology. 2004. Vol. 63, No. 2. P. 264–267. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2003.09.024

[59] Nowak M, Jordan M, Haberl S, et al. Prospective study of extracorporeal magnetic innervation pelvic floor therapy (ExMI) versus standard pelvic floor training following radical prostatectomy: impact on timing and magnitude of recovery of continence. Eur Urol Suppl. 2007;6(2):143. DOI: 10.1016/S1569-9056(07)60480-1

[60] Nowak M., Jordan M., Haberl S., et al. Prospective study of extracorporeal magnetic innervation pelvic floor therapy (ExMI) versus standard pelvic floor training following radical prostatectomy: impact on timing and magnitude of recovery of continence // Eur Urol Suppl. 2007. Vol. 6, No. 2. P. 143. DOI: 10.1016/S1569-9056(07)60480-1

[61] Amdiy RE, Al-Shukri SKh, Kuzmin IV, et al. Terapija nederzhanija mochi posle radikal’noj prostatjektomii jekstrakorporal’noj magnitnoj stimuljaciej myshc tazovogo dna. Proceedings of the 5th science conferences of urologists of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation; 2019 Apr 18–19; Saint Petersburg. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2019;9(1S):13–14. (In Russ.)

[62] Амдий Р.Э., Аль-Шукри С.Х., Кузьмин И.В., и др. Терапия недержания мочи после радикальной простатэктомии экстракорпоральной магнитной стимуляцией мышц тазового дна / Мат-лы 5-й Научно-практической конференции урологов Северо-Западного федерального округа РФ; 18–19 апреля 2019 г.; Санкт-Петербург // Урологические ведомости. 2019. Т. 9, № 1S. С. 13–14.

[63] Anderson CA, Omar MI, Campbell SE, et al. Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(1): CD001843. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001843.pub5

[64] Anderson C.A., Omar M.I., Campbell S.E. Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence // Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015. No. 1. P. CD001843. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001843.pub5

[65] Propert KJ, Litwin MS, Wang Y, et al. Responsiveness of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Qual Life Res. 2006;15(2):299–305. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-005-1317-1

[66] Propert K.J., Litwin M.S., Wang Y., et al. Responsiveness of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) // Qual Life Res. 2006. Vol. 15, No. 2. P. 299–305. DOI: 10.1007/s11136-005-1317-1

[67] Kim TH, Han DH, Cho WJ, et al. The efficacy of extracorporeal magnetic stimulation for treatment of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients who do not respond to pharmacotherapy. Urology. 2013;82(4):894–898. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.06.032

[68] Kim T.H., Han D.H., Cho W.J., et al. The efficacy of extracorporeal magnetic stimulation for treatment of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients who do not respond to pharmacotherapy // Urology. 2013. Vol. 82, No. 4. P. 894–898. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.06.032

[69] Shafik A, el-Sibai O, Shafik AA. Magnetic stimulation of the cavernous nerve for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in humans. Int J Impot Res. 2000;12(3):137–141. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3900521

[70] Shafik A., el-Sibai O., Shafik A.A. Magnetic stimulation of the cavernous nerve for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in humans // Int J Impot Res. 2000. Vol. 12, No. 3. P. 137–141. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3900521

[71] Pelka RB, Jaenicke C, Gruenwald J. Impulse magnetic-field therapy for erectile dysfunction: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Adv Ther. 2002;19(1):53–60. DOI: 10.1007/BF02850018

[72] Pelka R.B., Jaenicke C., Gruenwald J. Impulse magnetic-field therapy for erectile dysfunction: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study // Adv Ther. 2002. Vol. 19, No. 1. P. 53–60. DOI: 10.1007/BF02850018

[73] Pushkar’ DJu, Kulikova AG, Kasjan GR. Ehkstrakorporal’naya magnitnaya stimulyatsiya nervno-myshechnogo apparata tazovogo dna v urologicheskoi praktike: uchebnoe posobie. Moscow; 2017. 43 p. (In Russ.)

[74] Пушкарь Д.Ю., Куликова А.Г., Касян Г.Р. Экстракорпоральная магнитная стимуляция нервно-мышечного аппарата тазового дна в урологической практике: учебное пособие. Москва, 2017. 43 c.

[75] Morales A, Black A, Clark-Pereira J, Emerson L. A novel approach to premature ejaculation: extracorporeal functional magnetic stimulation. Can J Urol. 2009;16(1):4458–4462.

[76] Morales A., Black A., Clark-Pereira J., Emerson L. A novel approach to premature ejaculation: extracorporeal functional magnetic stimulation // Can J Urol. 2009. Vol. 16, No. 1. P. 4458–4462.

[77] Ginsberg D, Boone T, Cameron A, et al. AUA/SUFU Guideline on Adult Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Diagnosis and Evaluation. J Urol. 2021:206(5):1097–1105. DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002235

[78] Ginsberg D., Boone T., Cameron A., et al. AUA/SUFU Guideline on Adult Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Diagnosis and Evaluation // J Urol. 2021. Vol. 206, No. 5. P. 1097–1105. DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000002235

[79] Blok BF. Sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of urinary bladder dysfunction: mechanism of action and future directions. Bioelectron Med. 2018;1(1):85–94. DOI: 10.2217/bem-2017-0003

[80] Blok B.F. Sacral neuromodulation for the treatment of urinary bladder dysfunction: mechanism of action and future directions // Bioelectron Med. 2018. Vol. 1, No. 1. P. 85–94. DOI: 10.2217/bem-2017-0003

[81] Amdiy RE, Al-Shukri SKh, Kuzmin IV, et al. Ehkstrakorporal’naya magnitnaya stimulyatsiya v lechenii gipoaktivnosti detruzora. Proceedings of the 5th Science Conferences of Urologists of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation; 2019 Apr 18–19; Saint Petersburg. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2019;9(1S):14–15. (In Russ)

[82] Амдий Р.Э., Аль-Шукри С.Х., Кузьмин И.В. Экстракорпоральная магнитная стимуляция в лечении гипоактивности детрузора / Мат-лы 5-й Научно-практической конференции урологов Северо-Западного федерального округа РФ; 18–19 апреля 2019 г.; Санкт-Петербург // Урологические ведомости. 2019. Т. 9, № 1S. С. 14–15.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Amdiy R.E., Al-Shukri S.K., Kuzmin I.V., Makeev V.A., Sozdanov P.V.