Confocal laser endomicroscopy of airways problems and prospects

Abstract

We have described the principle and method of confocal laser endomicroscopy using the system Cellvizio® lung probe Alveoflex (Mauna Kea Technologies, France) to study the distal lower respirato­ry tract in real time. Acynoscopy has been performed in 25 patients aged from 24 to 75 years with differ­ent lung pathology. The problems associated with using of this technology and its potential practical applications are discussed.

Keywords

confocal laser endomicroscopy / distal airways / acynoscopy / alveoscopy

References

[1] Kwon RS, Wong Кее Song LM, Adler DG et al. Endocytoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009;70:610-613.

[2] Neumann H, Fry LC, Bellutti M et al. Doubleballoon enteroscopy-assisted virtual chromoendoscopy for small-bowel disorders: a case series. Endoscopy. 2009;41:468-471.

[3] MacAulay C, Lane P, Richards-Kortum R. In vivo pathology: microendoscopy as a new endoscopic imaging modality. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2004; 14: 595-620.

[4] Thiberville L., Bourg-Heckly G., Peltier E., Cave C. Per-endoscopic alveolar imaging using fluorescent confocal fibered microscopy. Eur Respir J 2006; 28: Suppl. 50, 155s-156s.

[5] Vincent P., Maskos U., Charvet I., et al. Live imaging of neural structure and function by fibred fluorescence microscopy. EMBO Rep 2006; 7: 1154-1161.

[6] Thiberville L., Salatin M., Lachkar S., Dominique S., Moreno-Swirс S., Vever-Bizet C., Bourg-Heckly G. Human in vivo fluorescence microimaging of the alveolar ducts and sacs during bronchoscopy // Eur Respir J 2009; 33: 974-985.

[7] Gabrecht T., Andrejevic-Blant S., Wagnieres G. Blue-violet excited autofluorescence spectroscopy and imaging of normal and cancerous human bronchial tissue after formalin fixation. Photochem Photobiol 2007; 83: 450-458.

[8] Matthieu Zellweger. Fluorescence spectroscopy of exogenous, exogenously - induced and endogenous fluorofores for the photodetection and photodynamic therapy of cancer. Lausanne, Fevrier 2000.

[9] Toshima M., Ohtani Y., Ohtani O. Three-dimensional architecture of elastin and collagen fiber networks in the human and rat lung. Arch Histol Cytol 2004; 67:31-40.

[10] Kiesslich R., Burg J., Vieth M. et al. Confocal laser endoscopy for diagnosing intraepithelial neoplasias and colorectal cancer in vivo. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:706-713.

[11] St Croix C.M., Leelavanichkul K., Watkins SC. Intravital fluorescence microscopy in pulmonary research. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2006;58:834-840.

[12] Некоторые вопросы патологии легких / Под ред. И.К. Есиповой. Издательство сибирского отделения АН СССР Новосибирск. 1962.

[13] Black P.N., Ching P.S., Beaumont В., Ranasinghe S., Taylor G., Merrilees M.J. Changes in elastic fibres in the small airways and alveoli in COPD. Eur Respir J 2008; 31: 998-1004.

[14] Непомнящих Г.И. Биопсия бронхов: морфогенез общепатологических процессов в легких. М.: Издательство РАМН. 2005. 384 с.

[15] Salaün М., Roussel Е, Hauss P-А., Lachkar S., Thiberville L. In vivo imaging of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis using confocal endomicroscopy // Eur Respir J 2010; 36: 451.

[16] Le Goualher, A. Perchant, М. Genet, C. Cave, B. Viellerobe, F. Berier, et al. Towards optical biopsies with an integrated fibered confocal fluorescence microscope// Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3217(11): 761-768, Springer (Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention), 2004.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Averyanov A.V., Danilevskaya O.V., Sazonov D.V., Kuzovlev O.P., Zabozlaev F.G., Sotnikova A.G.