Perineal groove. Cases report and brief review

Abstract

Perineal groove is a congenital anal anomaly. This skin defect appears next to the anal opening, similar to a cleft, and is covered by a mucous membrane. The anomaly often occurs in girls. Grooves can be detected in patients with normally formed anus or as part of an anorectal malformation with a perineal fistula or anal stenosis. Perineal groove is a congenital anal anomaly.

This work aimed to provide information for specialists about this congenital developmental anomaly. In our clinic, five girls were observed and diagnosed with perineal groove quite early in their lives (from one to three months of age). Only one required surgical treatment because she had an anorectal malformation with a perineal fistula. In one case, bougienage of the anus was prescribed because stenosis was detected in a timely manner. For the three girls with a normally formed anus, surgery or other types of treatment were not indicated. In other clinics, either long-term courses of conservative local therapy were prescribed for “anal fissure” or “folds in the anus” or a diagnosis of anorectal defect was made with indications for surgery. This study also analyzed current publications on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital perineal sulcus.

Keywords

cases report / congenital perineal groove / anorectal malformation / congenital anomaly / anal fissure / children

References

[1] Stephens FD. The female anus, perineum and vestibule: Embryogenesis and deformities. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1969;24(3):278–284. DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1968.tb00685.x

[2] Stephens F.D. The female anus, perineum and vestibule: Embryogenesis and deformities // Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1969. Vol. 24, No. 3. P. 278–284. DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1968.tb00685.x

[3] Holschneider AM, Hutson JM, editors. Anorectal malformations in children: embryology, diagnosis, surgical treatment, follow-up. Springer Science and Business Media, 2006.

[4] Anorectal malformations in children: embryology, diagnosis, surgical treatment, follow-up / Ed. by A.M. Holschneider, J.M. Hutson. Springer Science and Business Media, 2006.

[5] Peña A, Bischoff A. Surgical treatment of colorectal problems in children. Springer Cham, 2015. 497 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14989-9

[6] Peña A., Bischoff A. Surgical treatment of colorectal problems in children. Springer Cham, 2015. 497 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14989-9

[7] Samuk I, Amerstorfer EE, Fanjul M, et al. Perineal groove: An anorectal malformation network, consortium study. J Pediatr. 2020;222:207–212. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.026

[8] Samuk I., Amerstorfer E.E., Fanjul M., et al. Perineal groove: An anorectal malformation network, consortium study // J Pediatr. 2020. Vol. 222. P. 207–212. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.026

[9] Ihn K, Na Y, Ho IG, Oh J-T. Clinical characteristics and conservative treatment of perineal groove. J Pediatr Surg. 2020;55(8):1507–1510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.07.017

[10] Ihn K., Na Y., Ho I.G., Oh J.-T. Clinical characteristics and conservative treatment of perineal groove // J Pediatr Surg. 2020. Vol. 55, No. 8. P. 1507–1510. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.07.017

[11] Sekaran P, Shawis R. Perineal groove: A rare congenital abnormality of failure of fusion of the perineal raphe and discussion of its embryological origin. Clin Anat. 2009;22(7):823–825. DOI: 10.1002/ca.20855

[12] Sekaran P., Shawis R. Perineal groove: A rare congenital abnormality of failure of fusion of the perineal raphe and discussion of its embryological origin // Clin Anat. 2009. Vol. 22, No. 7. P. 823–825. DOI: 10.1002/ca.20855

[13] Mullassery D, Turnock R, Kokai G. Perineal groove. J Pediatr Surg. 2006;41(3):e41–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.12.068.

[14] Mullassery D., Turnock R., Kokai G. Perineal groove // J Pediatr Surg. 2006. Vol. 41, No. 3. P. e41–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.12.068.

[15] Kadowaki H, Nakahira M, Yamada C, et al. Perineal groove and perineal canal. Jpn J Surg. 1983;13(3):216–218. DOI: 10.1007/BF02469480

[16] Kadowaki H., Nakahira M., Yamada C., et al. Perineal groove and perineal canal // Jpn J Surg. 1983. Vol. 13, No. 3. P. 216–218. DOI: 10.1007/BF02469480

[17] Rabinovich HM, Montez KG. Newborn twins with perineal grooves. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2021;9:2050313X211020222. DOI: 10.1177/2050313X211020222

[18] Rabinovich H.M., Montez K.G. Newborn twins with perineal grooves // SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2021. Vol. 9. ID 2050313X211020222. DOI: 10.1177/2050313X211020222

[19] Chatterjee SK, Chatterjee US, Chatterjee U. Perineal groove with penoscrotal hypospadias. Pediatr Surg Int. 2003;19(7):554–556. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-003-0975-8

[20] Chatterjee S.K., Chatterjee U.S., Chatterjee U. Perineal groove with penoscrotal hypospadias // Pediatr Surg Int. 2003. Vol. 19, No. 7. P. 554–556. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-003-0975-8

[21] Adnan A, Güngör K, Ercan M, Melikog M. Currarino syndrome associated with penoscrotal inversion and perineal fissure. Pediatr Surg Int. 2005;21(9):733–735. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-005-1464-z

[22] Adnan A., Güngör K., Ercan M., Melikog M. Currarino syndrome associated with penoscrotal inversion and perineal fissure // Pediatr Surg Int. 2005. Vol. 21, No. 9. P.733–735. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-005-1464-z

[23] Siruguppa K, Tuli SS, Kelly MN, Tuli SY. Newborn female with a midline perineal. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2012;51(2):188–190. DOI: 10.1177/0009922810392776

[24] Siruguppa K., Tuli S.S., Kelly M.N., Tuli S.Y. Newborn female with a midline perineal // Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2012. Vol. 51, No. 2. P. 188–190. DOI: 10.1177/0009922810392776

[25] Cheng H, Wang Z, Zhao Q, et al. Perineal groove: Report of two cases and review of the literature. Front Pediatr. 2018;6:227. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00227

[26] Cheng H., Wang Z., Zhao Q., et al. Perineal groove: Report of two cases and review of the literature // Front Pediatr. 2018. Vol. 6. ID 227. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00227

[27] Garcia-Palacios M, Mendez-Gallart R, Cortizo-Vazquez J, et al. Perineal groove in female infants: A case series and literature review. Pediatr Dermatol. 2017;34(6):677–680. DOI: 10.1111/pde.13311

[28] Garcia-Palacios M., Mendez-Gallart R., Cortizo-Vazquez J., et al. Perineal groove in female infants: A case series and literature review // Pediatr Dermatol. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 6. P. 677–680. DOI: 10.1111/pde.13311

[29] Harsono M, Pourcyrous M. Perineal groove: A rare congenital midline defect of perineum. AJP rep. 2016;6(1):e30–32. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566311

[30] Harsono M., Pourcyrous M. Perineal groove: A rare congenital midline defect of perineum // AJP rep. 2016. Vol. 6, No. 1. P. e30–32. DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566311

[31] www.uptodate.com [Internet]. Patel N, Kay M. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children: causes and diagnostic approach. UptoDate (evidence-based clinical decision support resource) [cited: 2022 Apr 28]. Available at: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/lower-gastrointestinal-bleeding-in-children-causes-and-diagnostic-approach

[32] www.uptodate.com [Электронный ресурс]. Patel N., Kay M. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children: causes and diagnostic approach. UptoDate (evidence-based clinical decision support resource) [дата обращения: 28.04.2022]. Доступ по: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/lower-gastrointestinal-bleeding-in-children-causes-and-diagnostic-approach

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector