Evaluation of the technical and economic efficiency of controlled power distribution in transmissions of all-wheel drive trucks

Abstract

BACKGROUD: Operating conditions of all-wheel drive trucks determine the probability of motion in conditions of uneven distribution of grip and rolling resistance for driven wheels of various axles and sides, which actualizes torque redistribution from an engine to the driven wheels. Reasonable power distribution between driven axles and wheels is important in order to improve the efficiency of all-wheel drive vehicles.

AIMS: Evaluation of technical and economic efficiency of controlled power distribution in transmissions of all-wheel drive trucks with hydraulically controlled friction clutches.

METHODS: A series of experiments was carried out on the basis of the KAMAZ-65222 with a differential lock control system with hydraulically driven friction clutches and a measuring and recording facility. The technical efficiency of control on differentials when driving in various road conditions was evaluated by the acceleration duration of the vehicle, the average speed of straight-line movement and when performing a maneuver, the parameters of the ground clearance, fuel efficiency and comparative loading of the wheels drive.

RESULTS: The experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the algorithm for automatic control of the differential lock in the vehicle transmission in terms of cross-country abilities, workload and fuel efficiency. An increase up to 16.7% of the average speed in difficult road conditions, a decrease of the specific work of rolling resistance overcoming and a decrease in fuel consumption by 7–8% were recorded.

CONCLUSION: Evaluation of efficiency of solutions for control on differentials in transmission of an all-wheel drive truck showed a significant increase in dynamic properties, cross-country abilities and fuel efficiency. Automatic change of the lock degree of differentials in the transmission when driving on a curved path and on uneven surface has a positive effect on transmission reliability and fuel efficiency, ensuring stability and maneuverability to remain stable. The expected economic effect is more than 206.3 thousand rubles. per year for one vehicle.

Keywords

motor transport / trucks / all-wheel drive trucks / transmissions of all-wheel drive trucks / power distribution systems of all-wheel drive trucks / controlled power distribution in transmissions

References

[1] Transport in Russia. 2022: Stat. collection. Moscow: Rosstat; 2022. (in Russ). Accessed: 17.07.2023. Available from: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Transport_2022.pdf

[2] Транспорт в России. 2022: Стат. сборник. М.: Росстат, 2022. [дата обращения: 17.07.2023] Режим доступа: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Transport_2022.pdf

[3] Density of paved roads in Russia by region. Mirkart [internet] Accessed: 17.07.2023. Available from: https://миркарт.рф/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8=126

[4] Плотность автодорог с твердым покрытием в России по регионам // Миркарт. [дата обращения: 17.07.2023] Режим доступа: https://миркарт.рф/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8=126

[5] How many all-wheel drive trucks are there in Russia? Marketing agency NAPI. [internet] Accessed: 17.07.2023. Available from: https://napinfo.ru/infographics/skolko-v-rossii-polnoprivodnykh-gruzovikov/

[6] Сколько в России полноприводных грузовиков? // Маркетинговое агентство НАПИ. [дата обращения: 17.07.2023] Режим доступа: https://napinfo.ru/infographics/skolko-v-rossii-polnoprivodnykh-gruzovikov/

[7] Zagarin DA, Kozlovskaya MA, Dzotsenidze TD. Analysis of the need and demand for agricultural machinery in conditions of a structural crisis in the economy. Avtomobilnaya promyshlennost. 2020;9:1–7. (in Russ).

[8] Загарин Д.А., Козловская М.А., Дзоценидзе Т.Д. Анализ потребности и спроса на машины сельскохозяйственного назначения в условиях структурного кризиса в экономике // Автомобильная промышленность. 2020. № 9. С. 1–7.

[9] Deryuzhenko SA, Ushnurtsev SV. Automation of traffic control of military tracked and wheeled vehicles. Omsk: Omskiy avtobronetankovyy inzhenernyy institut; 2023. (in Russ).

[10] Дерюженко С.А. Ушнурцев С.В. Автоматизация управления движением военных гусеничных и колесных машин. Омск: Омский автобронетанковый инженерный институт, 2023.

[11] Kotiev GO, Dyakov AS, Sologub SA. On the need to create production of special wheeled and tracked vehicles for operation in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Zhurnal avtomobilnykh inzhenerov. 2018;4(111):27–29. (in Russ).

[12] Котиев Г.О., А.С.С.А. О необходимости создания производства специальной колёсной и гусеничной техники для эксплуатации в условиях арктической зоны РФ // Журнал автомобильных инженеров. 2018. № 4(111). С. 27–29.

[13] Kotlyarenko VI. Historical overview of the main directions for increasing the cross-country ability of traditional wheeled vehicles. Trudy NAMI. 2022;3(290):45–62. (in Russ). doi: 10.51187/0135-3152-2022-3-45-62

[14] Котляренко В.И. Исторический обзор основных направлений повышения проходимости традиционных колёсных транспортных средств // Труды НАМИ. 2022. № 3 (290). С. 45–62. doi: 10.51187/0135-3152-2022-3-45-62

[15] Pirkovsky YuV, Shukhman SB. Theory of motion of an all-wheel drive vehicle (applied issues of optimization of chassis design). Moscow: YuNITI-DANA; 2001. (in Russ).

[16] Пирковский Ю.В., Шухман С.Б. Теория движения полноприводного автомобиля (прикладные вопросы оптимизации конструкции шасси). М.: ЮНИТИ-ДАНА, 2001.

[17] Leshchinsky DYu, Smirnov AA, Yagubova EV. Analysis of promising designs of vehicle drive axles using the example of patents from global manufacturers. Inzhenernyy zhurnal: nauka i innovatsii. 2013;12(24):24. (in Russ).

[18] Лещинский Д.Ю., Смирнов А.А., Ягубова Е.В. Анализ перспективных конструкций ведущих мостов транспортных средств на примере патентов мировых производителей // Инженерный журнал: наука и инновации. 2013. № 12 (24). С. 24.

[19] Keller A, Aliukov S. Effectiveness of Methods of Power Distribution in Transmissions of All-Wheel-Drive Trucks. SAE Technical Papers. 2015;2015-September. doi: 10.4271/2015-01-2732

[20] Keller A., Aliukov S. Effectiveness of Methods of Power Distribution in Transmissions of All-Wheel-Drive Trucks // SAE Technical Papers. 2015. Vol. 2015-September. doi: 10.4271/2015-01-2732

[21] Dygalo V, Keller A, Shcherbin A. Principles of application of virtual and physical simulation technology in production of digital twin of active vehicle safety systems. In: Transportation Research Procedia : 14, Saint Petersburg, 21–24/10/2020. Saint Petersburg; 2020:121–129. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.10.015

[22] Dygalo V., A.A. Principles of application of virtual and physical simulation technology in production of digital twin of active vehicle safety systems // Transportation Research Procedia : 14, Saint Petersburg, 21–24 октября 2020 года. Saint Petersburg, 2020. P. 121–129. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.10.015

[23] Belousov BN, Popov SD. Wheeled vehicles with particularly large load-carrying capacity. Design. Theory. Calculation. Moscow: MGTU im NE Baumana; 2006. (in Russ).

[24] Белоусов Б.Н., Попов С.Д. Колесные транспортные средства особо большой грузоподъемности. Конструкция. Теория. Расчет. М.: МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 2006.

[25] Chistov MP, Kovalev VV. Army road trains and road conditions. Avtomobilnaya promyshlennost. 2001. № 11. С. 18–20. (in Russ).

[26] Чистов М.П., Ковалев В.В. Армейские автопоезда и дорожные условия // Автомобильная промышленность. 2001. № 11. С. 18–20.

[27] Larin VV. Metody prognozirovaniya i povysheniya opornoy prokhodimosti mnogoosnykh kolesnykh mashin na mestnosti [dissertation] Moscow; 2007. (in Russ).

[28] Ларин В.В. Методы прогнозирования и повышения опорной проходимости многоосных колесных машин на местности: Автореф. дисс. докт. техн. наук. Москва, 2007.

[29] RTM 37.001.053-2000 Voennaya avtomobilnaya tekhnika. Metody opredeleniya pokazateley prokhodimosti avtomobiley. (in Russ).

[30] РТМ 37.001.053-2000 Военная автомобильная техника. Методы определения показателей проходимости автомобилей.

Funding

Минобрнауки РФMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation(14.574.21.0106)

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector