Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities (PROTECT)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The article presents data of the study “Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities” (PROTEСT), carried out in 2023 at North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov and Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University (LETI) named after V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin).

AIM: To study the prevalence and patterns of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products, attitudes to smoking behaviour.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a random sample of student groups included 1105 respondents.

RESULTS: The average age of respondents was 20.7 ± 2.0 years, 44.3% were men. 6.8% of participants smoked cigarettes; more often men than women (9.4 vs. 4.7%, p < 0.01). The prevalence of nicotine-containing products consumption was 15.7%. There were no differences by gender (men 15.7% and women 15.8%). The use of a combination of cigarettes and nicotine-containing products was noted by 6.6% of students, which led to increase the tobacco smokers number to 13.4%; and the number of people consuming nicotine-containing products to 22.4%. The main reason for starting smoking/consuming nicotine-containing products was the example of friends (in 35.8 and 34% of cases). The reason for the start of smoking and consuming nicotine-containing products were problems in school and family among 21.1% of women and 6.6% of men (p < 0.05), and nicotine-containing products by 16.0% of women and 5.7% of men (p < 0.05). The majority of consumers of cigarettes and nicotine-containing products combination (38.4%) use them in a 20/80 ratio. Among the respondents, the proportion of smoking relatives is 40.3%, friends — 66.2%, classmates/dormitory neighbors — 71.9%.

CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in tobacco smoking and an increase in the proportion of people using nicotine-containing products and their combination with tobacco, as well as the absence of gender differences in nicotine-containing products consumption, indicates a change in the smoking behavior of students and increases the risk of developing nicotine addiction and harmful health consequences. Differences in the motivation for starting smoking/using nicotine-containing product among men and women requires more detailed study.

Keywords

smoking / vaping / nicotine-containing products / tobacco consumption in the Russian Federation / consumption of nicotine-containing products in the Russian Federation / epidemiological study

References

[1] GBD 2016 Russia Collaborators. The burden of disease in Russia from 1980 to 2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2018;392(10153):1138–1146. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31485-5

[2] GBD 2016 Russia Collaborators. The burden of disease in Russia from 1980 to 2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 // Lancet. 2018. Vol. 392, N. 10153. P. 1138–1146. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31485-5

[3] Salagay OO, Antonov NS, Sakharova GM. Analysis of trends in the consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products in the Russian Federation according to the results of online surveys 2019–2023. Profilakticheskaya Meditsina. 2023;26(5):7–16. EDN: CEJDKE doi: 10.17116/profmed2023260517

[4] Салагай О.О., Антонов Н.С., Сахарова Г.М. Анализ тенденций в потреблении табачных и никотинсодержащих изделий в Российской Федерации по результатам онлайн-опросов 2019–2023 гг. // Профилактическая медицина. 2023. Т 26, № 5, С. 7–16. EDN: CEJDKE doi: 10.17116/profmed2023260517

[5] Salagay OO, Sakharova GM, Antonov NS. The structure of consumption of tobacco and nicotine-containing products among the population of the Russian Federation. Pulmonologiya. 2020;30(4):453–462. EDN: ZKNHKT doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-4-453-462

[6] Салагай О.О., Сахарова Г.М., Антонов Н.С. Структура потребления табачных и никотинсодержащих изделий среди населения Российской Федерации // Пульмонология. 2020. Т. 30, № 4. С. 453–462. EDN: ZKNHKT doi: 10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-4-453-462

[7] Ulyanov IA, Ulyanova AV. Analysis of smoking rates among Voronezh students. Molodezhnyi innovatsionnyi vestnik. 2023;12(S2):533–535.

[8] Ульянов И.А., Ульянова А.В. Анализ показателей курения в студенческой среде Воронежа // Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2023. Т. 12, № S2. C. 533–535.

[9] Sapozhnikov SA. Assessment of the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among medical students. Ateroskleroz. 2023;19(3):232–233. (In Russ.) EDN: NEOAIJ doi: 10.52727/2078-256X-2023-19-3-232-233

[10] Сапожников С.А. Оценка распространенности факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди студентов медицинского вуза // Атеросклероз. 2023. Т. 19, № 3. С. 232–233. (In Russ.) EDN: NEOAIJ doi: 10.52727/2078-256X-2023-19-3-232-233

[11] Antonova AA, Yamanova GA, Golyanova OB, et al. Prevalence of tobacco smoking among medical students. International Research Journal. 2021;108(6):65–68. EDN: PFWYLF doi: 10.23670/IRJ.2021.108.6.046

[12] Антонова А.А., Яманова Г.А., Голянова О.Б., и др. Распространенность табакокурения среди студентов медицинского университете // Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2021. Т. 108, № 6. С. 65–68. EDN: PFWYLF doi: 10.23670/IRJ.2021.108.6.046

[13] Naimushina AG. Commitment to health-creating behavior among students of an engineering and technical university Bulletin Biomedicine and sociology. 2022;7(4):45–51. doi: 10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2022-7-4-45-51

[14] Наймушина А.Г. Приверженность к здоровьесозидающему поведению у обучающихся инженерно-технического вуза // Вестник биомедицина и социология. 2022. Т. 7, № 4. С. 45–51. doi: 10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2022-7-4-45-51

[15] King JL, Reboussin D, Cornacchione Ross J, et al. Polytobacco use among a nationally representative sample of adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users. J Adolesc Health. 2018;63(4):407–412. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.04.010

[16] King J.L., Reboussin D., Cornacchione Ross J., et al. Polytobacco use among a nationally representative sample of adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users // J Adolesc Health. 2018. Vol. 63, N. 4. P. 407–412. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.04.010

[17] İçmeli ÖS, Türker H, Gündoğuş B, et al. Behaviours and opinions of adolescent students on smoking. Tuberk Toraks. 2016;64(3):217–222. doi: 10.5578/tt.20925

[18] İçmeli Ö.S., Türker H., Gündoğuş B., et al. Behaviours and opinions of adolescent students on smoking // Tuberk Toraks. 2016. Vol. 64, N. 3. P. 217–222. doi: 10.5578/tt.20925

[19] Milošević Georgiev A, Kotur-Stevuljević J, Krajnović D. Socio-demographic factors associated with smoking habits among university students in Belgrade, Serbia. Zdr Varst. 2019;58(1):11–20. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2019-0002

[20] Milošević Georgiev A., Kotur-Stevuljević J., Krajnović D. Socio-demographic factors associated with smoking habits among university students in Belgrade, Serbia // Zdr Varst. 2019. Vol. 58, N. 1. P. 11–20. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2019-0002

[21] Venkatesh E, Al Jemal MY, Al Samani AS. Characteristics, reasons, behavior and knowledge towards waterpipe smoking in Saudi Arabia. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2017;32(1):/j/ijamh.2020.32.issue-1/ijamh-2017-0090/ijamh-2017-0090.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0090

[22] Venkatesh E., Al Jemal M.Y., Al Samani A.S. Characteristics, reasons, behavior and knowledge towards waterpipe smoking in Saudi Arabia // Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2017. Vol. 32, N. 1. P. /j/ijamh.2020.32.issue-1/ijamh-2017-0090/ijamh-2017-0090.xml. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0090

[23] Pokhaznikova MA, Kuznetsova OY, Ovakimyan KV, et al. Prevalence of smoking and consumption of nicotine-containing products among students of medical and technical universities (PROTECT). Russian Family Doctor. 2023;27(4):33–40. doi: 10.17816/RFD622943

[24] Похазникова М.А., Кузнецова О.Ю., Овакимян К.В., и др. Результаты пилотного этапа исследования «Распространенность курения и потребления никотинсодержащей продукции среди студентов медицинского и технического университетов (PROTECT)» // Российский семейный врач. 2023. Т. 27, № 4. С. 33–34. doi: 10.17816/RFD622943

[25] Seo HG, Xu SS, Li G, et al. Reasons for initiation and regular use of heated tobacco products among current and former smokers in South Korea: Findings from the 2020 ITC Korea survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(6):4963. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064963

[26] Seo H.G., Xu S.S., Li G., et al. Reasons for initiation and regular use of heated tobacco products among current and former smokers in South Korea: Findings from the 2020 ITC Korea survey // Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023. Vol. 20, N. 6. P. 4963. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20064963

[27] Wong EC, Haardörfer R, Windle M, Berg CJ. Distinct motives for use among polytobacco versus cigarette only users and among single tobacco product users nicotine. Nicotine Tob Res. 2017;20(1):117–123. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw284

[28] Wong E.C., Haardörfer R., Windle M., Berg C.J. Distinct motives for use among polytobacco versus cigarette only users and among single tobacco product users nicotine // Nicotine Tob Res. 2017. Vol. 20, N. 1. P. 117–123. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw284

[29] Lee YO, Hebert CJ, Nonnemaker JM, Kim AE. Youth tobacco product use in the United States. Pediatrics. 2015;135(3):409–415. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-3202

[30] Lee Y.O., Hebert C.J., Nonnemaker J.M., Kim A.E. Youth tobacco product use in the United States // Pediatrics. 2015. Vol. 135, N. 3. P. 409–415. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-3202

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector