How to Avoid Neurological Damage? ESRA Recommendations for Good Clinical Practice

References

[1] Scott D. B., Hibbard B. M. Serious non-fatal complications associated with extradural block in obstetric practice // Br. J. Anaesth. 1990; 64: 537-541.

[2] Aromaa U. et al. Severe complications associated with epidural and spinal anaesthesias in Finland 1987-1993. A study based on patient insurance claims // Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 1997; 41: 445-452.

[3] Horlocker T. T., Wedel D. J. Neurological complications of spinal and epidural anesthesia // RAPM. 2000; 25: 83-98.

[4] Fischer H. B. J. Regional Anaesthesia - before or after general anaesthesia? // Anaesthesia. 1998; 53: 727-729.

[5] Feynolds F. Logic in the safe practice of spinal anaesthesia // Anaesthesia. 2000; 55: 1045-1046.

[6] Bromage P. R. Neurological complications of subarachnoid and epidural anaesthesia // Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 1997; 41: 439-444.

[7] Benumof J. Permanent loss of cervical spinal cord function associated with interscalene block performed under general anesthesia // Anesthesiology. 2000; 93: 1541-1544.

[8] Reynolds F. Damage to the conus medullaris following spinal anaesthesia // Anaesthesia. 2001; 56: 235-247.

[9] Kroll D. A. et al. Nerve injury associated with anesthesia // Anesthesiology. 1990; 72: 202-207.

[10] Cheney F. W. et al. Nerve injury associated with anesthesia // Anesthesiology. 1999; 90: 1062-1069.

[11] Auroy Y. et al. Serious complications related to regional anesthesia// Anesthesiology. 1997; 87: 479-486.

[12] Giaufre E. et al. Epidemiology and morbidity of regional anesthesia in children // Anesth. Analg. 1996; 83: 904-912.

[13] Borgeat A. et al. Acute and non-acute complications associated with interscalene block and shoulder surgery // Anesthesiology. 2001; 95: 875-880.

[14] Auroy Y. et al. Major complications of regional anaesthesia in France: The SOS regional anaesthesia service // Anaesthesiology. 2002; 1274-1280.

[15] Winchell S. W., Wolfe R. The incidence of neuropathy following upper extremity nerve blocks // Reg. Anesth. 1985; 10: 12-15.

[16] Benumof J. Permanent loss of cervical spinal cord function associated with interscalene block performed under general anesthesia // Anesthesiology. 2000; 93: 1541-1544.

[17] Borgeat A. Neurological deficit after peripheral nerve block: what to do // Highlights in Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy 2003; eds. Rawal N., van Zundert A. Cyprint Ltd. P. 162-164.

[18] Lema M. L. Neurological complications of regional anaesthesia // Highlights of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy 2003; eds. Rawal N., van Zundert A. Cyprint Ltd. P. 165-168.

[19] Fischer H. B. J. ESRA good practice guidelines - how to avoid neurological complications // Highlights of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy. 2004; eds. Rawal N., Gligorijevic S. Cyprint Ltd. P. 270-276.

[20] ASA Taskforce Report: Practice Advisory for the Prevention of Perioperative Peripheral Neuropathies // Anesthesiology. 2000; 92: 1168-1182.

[21]

[22] Klein S. M. et al. Ambulatory discharge after long acting peripheral nerve blockade: 2382 blocks with ropivacaine // Anesth. Analg. 2002; 94: 65-70.

[23] Klein S. M. et al. Peripheral nerve blockade with long acting local anesthetics: a survey of the Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia // Anesth. Analg. 2002; 94: 71-76.

[24] Gerancher J. C. et al. Development of a standardized peripheral block procedure note form // Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 2005; 30: 67-71.

[25] Greene N. M. Neurological sequelae of spinal anaesthesia // Anesthesiology. 1961; 22: 682.

[26] Hogan Q. et al. Evaluation of Neurologic Injury after Regional Anesthesia. Chapter 17. In: Finucane BT (ed) Complications of Regional Anaesthesia Churchill Livingstone, New York 1999: 271-291.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector