Effect of biomechanical load factors on the stress-strain state of teeth and underlying bone tissue

Abstract

Background: The biomechanical conditions under which teeth, implants, and bone tissue function clearly determine their resistance to overloading and subsequent destruction. However, mathematical modeling has not previously been used to compare functional stress in teeth across a wide range of sensitive biomechanical load conditions.

Aim: To compare the stress-strain state parameters of tooth and socket tissues under various biomechanical load conditions.

Materials and methods: A mathematical model was used to assess the stress-strain state parameters of dental tissue and sockets under vertical and oblique load (150N) with various modeling settings, compared to reference model parameters. The following parameters were assessed: enamel attrition, bone density reduction, bone resorption by 30% and 50%, supra-occlusion, tooth cavity, composite restoration, and ceramic inlay.

Results: Enamel attrition significantly increases stress under vertical and oblique loads: 1.9 and 1.6 times for enamel, and 1.5 and 1.2 times for dentin, respectively. Tooth cavities increase stress by 1.2 and 1.8 times (enamel; vertical and oblique loads, respectively), and 1.3 times (dentin; vertical load). Increased functional load causes a proportional increase in stress in hard tooth tissues and adjacent bone tissues. Supra-occlusion causes a sharp increase in stress in the enamel, with a point stress concentration. When a tooth cavity is filled with a composite or ceramic material, the stress-strain state parameters are similar to those in intact teeth (however, the enamel still experiences a 1.5-fold increase in stress under vertical pressure).

Conclusion: 3D mathematical modeling revealed a significant difference in maximum stress in tooth and socket tissues compared to normal biomechanical conditions, as well as when comparing various sensitive load conditions. Stress in tooth and bone tissues increased in all cases of abnormal biomechanical conditions, especially when oblique load was applied.

Keywords

tooth / load / mathematical modeling / stress / biomechanical conditions

References

[1] Dmitrieva LA, Maksimovsky YuM, editors. Therapeutic dentistry: national guidelines. 2nd ed. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2021. (In Russ.)

[2] Терапевтическая стоматология: национальное руководство / под ред. Л.А. Дмитриевой, Ю.М. Максимовского. 2-е изд. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2021.

[3] Lebedenko IYu, Arutyunov SD, Ryakhovsky AN, editors. Orthopedic dentistry. National leadership. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2022. (In Russ.)

[4] Ортопедическая стоматология. Национальное руководство / под ред. И.Ю. Лебеденко, С.Д. Арутюнова, А.Н. Ряховского. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2022.

[5] Kulakov AA, editor. Dental implantation. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2022. (In Russ.)

[6] Дентальная имплантация / под ред. А.А. Кулакова. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2022.

[7] Rozov RA, Trezubov VN, Gvetadze RSh. Experimental design of the lower jaw functional loading for implant-supported restoration in unfavorable clinical conditions. Stomatology. 2022;101(6):28–34. EDN: KKPPHB doi: 10.17116/stomat202210106128

[8] Розов Р.А., Трезубов В.Н., Гветадзе Р.Ш., и др. Экспериментальное моделирование функциональной нагрузки нижней челюсти при протезировании с опорой на имплантаты в неблагоприятных клинических условиях // Стоматология. 2022. Т. 101, № 6. С. 28–34. EDN: KKPPHB doi: 10.17116/stomat202210106128

[9] Zaslavsky RS, Olesova VN, Povstyanko YuA, et al. Three-dimensional mathematical modeling of functional stresses around a dental implant in comparison with a single-root tooth. Russian Bulletin of Dental Implantology. 2022;(3-4):4–10. EDN: JHRTIG

[10] Заславский Р.С., Олесова В.Н., Повстянко Ю.А., и др. Трехмерное математическое моделирование функциональных напряжений вокруг дентального имплантата в сравнении с однокорневым зубом // Российский вестник дентальной имплантологии. 2022. № 3-4. С. 4–10. EDN: JHRTIG

[11] Abakarov SI, Sorokin DV, Lapushko VYu, Abakarova SS. Stress-deformed state of a non-removable prosthesis on implants under mustering load depending on the angle of abutment wall tilt. Clinical Dentistry (Russia). 2023;26(1):147–157. EDN: KBFJYD doi: 10.37988/1811-153X_2023_1_147

[12] Абакаров С.И., Сорокин Д.В., Лапушко В.Ю., Абакарова С.С. Напряженно-деформированное состояние несъемного протеза на имплантатах при жевательной нагрузке в зависимости от угла наклона стенок абатмента // Клиническая стоматология. 2023. Т. 26, № 1. 147–157. EDN: KBFJYD doi: 10.37988/1811-153X_2023_1_147

[13] Zaslavsky RS, Olesova EA, Kobzev IV, Kashchenko PV. Registration of bone tissue overload in conditions of mathematical 3-D modeling of the dentoalveolar segment. In: Collection of articles of V Scientific and Practical Conference “Scientific Vanguard” and Interuniversity Olympiad of Residents and Postgraduates. Moscow; 2023. P. 54–57. EDN: DBOTHP

[14] Заславский Р.С., Олесова Э.А., Кобзев И.В., Кащенко П.В. Регистрация перегрузки костной ткани в условиях математического 3-D моделирования зубочелюстного сегмента. В кн.: Сборник статей V Научно-практической конференции «Научный авангард» и Межвузовской олимпиады ординаторов и аспирантов. Москва, 2023. С. 54–57. EDN: DBOTHP

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector