Mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and treatment of oral inflammatory diseases

Abstract

Oral inflammatory diseases (OIDs) include various prevalent conditions, such as periodontal disease and pulpitis. The most common causes of OIDs are microorganisms, injuries, occlusion factors, autoimmune diseases, and radiation therapy. If not treated properly, these diseases not only affect the oral health, but may also compromise the overall well-being. Thus, early detection of OIDs and new treatment strategies are key challenges of oral therapy research.

Mitochondria are essential organelles for numerous cellular processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction not only affects cell metabolism, but also has an indirect impact on health and life expectancy. Several common polygenic diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the development and progression of OIDs and associated systemic diseases.

This review provides critical insights into mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in inflammatory reactions in OIDs.

Keywords

oral inflammatory diseases / mitochondrial dysfunction / periodontal disease / oxidative stress / mitochondrial DNA damage

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