Dependence of regional circulation in periodontal tissues on the condition of occlusive-articulatory disorders in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The scientific substantiation of the causal relationship between traumatic occlusive forces and periodontal diseases is challenging and remains debatable. Data indicates that occlusive loads in the area of compression of periodontal ligaments lead to blood circulation changes in the lymphatic and blood vessels, which increase the inflammatory process when the adaptive capacity of the periodontal is exceeded. Additional information should be obtained to choose tactics for reducing premature contacts in chronic generalized periodontitis.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the state of regional blood circulation in periodontal diseases with the elimination of occlusive obstacles by selective grinding of teeth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study enrolled 43 people of both sexes aged 30–45 (average: 38.2±1.4) years. The study group included 25 people with occlusal interference (OI). The comparison group consisted of persons without dental and somatic pathology (n=20), comparable in age and sex. Based on the data distribution of OI by their localization and the number of affected teeth, a differentiated approach was used for planning the volume and timing of interventions for 25 patients with identified occlusive disturbances.

RESULTS: Twenty-five patients with OI before and after grinding were examined. The study group showed a decrease in the rheographic index by 41% and an increase in the time of rapid and slow blood filling by 1.5 and 1.6 times, respectively, before occlusive grinding. After eliminating premature supracontacts, hemodynamic parameters changed in the opposite direction, the rheographic index increased, and the α1 and α2 indicators decreased. Other hemodynamic criteria were comparable with the values in the comparison group.

CONCLUSION: The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of minimally invasive interventions in eliminating occlusive interference to improve hemodynamics in periodontal tissues.

Keywords

occlusal interference / periodontitis / rheoparodontography / selective grinding

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