Factor analysis for assessing the etiopathogenesis of facial boils in military personnel

Abstract

Background: Boils are the most prevalent non-odontogenic inflammatory condition of the head and neck. The treatment of skin and subcutaneous tissue inflammations in the Russian Armed Forces (RAF) is a pressing issue. We were unable to find any data on the etiopathogenesis of facial boils in otherwise healthy RAF members, as well as the factors that contribute to the development of this condition.

Aim: To examine the causes of facial boils in military personnel, the factors that contribute to their development, and the association between them using factor analysis.

Materials and Methods: Between 2019 and 2021, 53 patients aged 18 to 25 years were examined and treated for abscess-forming face boils. Of these, 38 (72%) were conscripts and 15 (28%) were contract servicemen. At admission, clinical examinations (complaints, history taking, status localis, facial skin type and status) and laboratory tests (complete blood count, blood chemistry, immunoassay, and bacterial tests, including the composition and antibiotic sensitivity of microflora) were performed. The control group included 30 otherwise healthy individuals aged 18 to 25 years. A mathematical model for predicting maxillofacial boil development in military personnel was generated using binomial regression analysis (logistic regression). The following variables were considered: age, length of service, season of disease development, serum glucose level, lymphocyte count, white blood cell count, CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, IgA, IgG, IgM, immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (CD4⁺CD25brightCD45⁺; % of all T helper cells), skin type, and microbial composition of maxillofacial skin.

Results: The mathematical model revealed that oily skin in combination with specific blood lymphocyte (20.30±1.03%) and IgG parameters (10.15±0.70%) increases the risk of maxillofacial boils in military personnel.

Conclusion: The study revealed the cumulative effect of general and local factors on the development and progression of facial boils in military personnel, allowing for more accurate prevention and treatment strategies.

Keywords

suppurative inflammation / maxillofacial area / abscess-forming face boils / etiology of facial boils in military personnel / factor analysis

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