Universal adhesive systems in dentistry: A narrative review

Abstract

Background: Various innovative solutions are being adopted in dentistry to reduce the risk of treatment-related complications. Latest-generation adhesive systems are important for preventing microleakages and improving the adhesion of filling materials to tooth structures, resulting in effective use of esthetic restoration materials and long-lasting restorations.

Aim: To assess the current use of universal adhesive systems.

Materials and methods: The literature search was performed using PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, and Google Scholar. The following search terms were used: “universal adhesive systems”, “universal adhesives”, “dentin bonding agents”, “dental debonding” and “dental etching”. The search covered studies published during the last 10 years.

Results: The initial search yielded 1.284 publications. After screening for compliance with search terms, 106 studies were selected. Following a full-text analysis, 31 (100%) publications were included in the review. Of these, 14 (45%) studies addressed adhesive composition (examined component: hydrophilic monomers, nanofillers, hydrophobic monomers, solvents, etchants); 8 (26%) studies addressed adhesive strength of adhesives (air-powder abrasive surface treatment, smear layer characteristics, surface moisture, bonding agent type, testing conditions); and 9 (29%) addressed application method (etching type).

Conclusion: Universal adhesive systems have a wide range of clinical applications (various methods of surface preparation) and clinical scenarios, expanding their potential use. The findings of the literature review describe various applications of universal adhesive systems with various surface preparation techniques, with mixed results. Conflicting literature data highlight the importance of investigating the long-term use of universal adhesives with various clinical settings and protocols.

Keywords

universal adhesive systems / universal adhesives / dentin bonding agents / dental debonding / dental etching

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