Chronic periodontitis and ischemic heart disease: morphofunctional relation-ships

Abstract

The relationship between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular pathology is actively being studied. The clinical significance of tissue markers of endothelial dysfunction in acute or chronic periodontitis needs to be clarified.

Materials and methods. The results of the examination of 65 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CP), 35 patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD), and 35 patients with combined pathology including CHD and CP were presented. Clinical instrumental examination, assessment of the functional state of the endothelium, immunohistochemical, and morphometric studies were performed.

Results. Patients with moderate CP were characterized by functional changes in the endothelium, decreased expression of the vasodilating factor (e-NO-synthase), and endothelial progenitor cells (CD34⁺cells) in the vascular wall. In patients with CHD without periodontitis, there was also a decrease in the expression and optical density of endothelial NO-synthase and endothelial progenitor cell in the periodontal vessels.

Conclusion. Apparently, changes in the expression of endothelial NO-synthase and endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+cells) in the vascular wall are generalized, and the gum can serve as a promising material for the early assessment of endothelial dysfunction.

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