Ultrasound examination of pregnant women in diagnosing fetal cardiac pathology

Abstract

Hypothesis/aims of study. Fetal heart defects are the most common malformations causing infant mortality. The task of the obstetric care service is to make a timely diagnosis, which includes high-quality ultrasound screening and, if necessary, fetal echocardiography. This study aimed to compare fetal echocardiography with postpartum echocardiography.

Study design, materials and methods. 101 pregnant women with both isolated fetal heart defects and combined pathology were examined for the period 2017–2019.

Results. The greatest number of heart defects was detected at 23–31 weeks of gestation. The structure of the malformations is diverse, the most common one being a complete form of the atrioventricular canal defect. In multiple pregnancies, complex heart defects were often combined with abnormalities in other organ systems.

Conclusion. It is recommended to describe the heart structure in detail from 21–22 weeks of pregnancy. If cardiac pathology is detected in utero, it is mandatory to conduct an examination of other fetal organs.

Keywords

pregnancy / fetus / heart disease / ultrasound

References

[1] Батаева Р.С. Фетальная эхокардиография: патология левых и правых отделов сердца // Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. − 2014. − Т. 63. − № 1. − С. 46−47. [Bataeva RS. Fetal’naya ekhokardiografiya: patologiya levykh i pravykh otdelov serdtsa. Journal of obstetrics and women’s diseases. 2014;63(1):46-47. (In Russ.)]

[2] Беспалова Е.Д., Суратова О.Г., Бокерия Е.Л., и др. Диагностика и лечение кардиальной патологии у плода. – М.: НЦСХ им. А.Н. Бакулева, 2015. – 244 с. [Bespalova ED, Suratova OG, Bokeriya EL, et al. Diagnostika i lecheniye kardial’noy patologii u ploda. Moscow: Nauchnyy tsentr serdechno-sosudistoy khirurgii im. A.N. Bakuleva; 2015. 244 р. (In Russ.)]

[3] Pavlicek J, Gruszka T, Kapralova S, et al. Associations between congenital heart defects and genetic and morphological anomalies. The importance of prenatal screening. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2019;163(1):67-74. https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2018.049.

[4] Саатова Г.М., Фуртикова А.Б., Жантураева Б.Т. Риск возникновения врожденных пороков сердца у детей в Кыргызстане // Интерактивная наука. − 2016. − № 10. − С. 53−56. [Saatova GM, Furtikova AB, Zhanturaeva BT. The risk of children’s congenital heart disorder development in Kyrgyzstan. Interactive science. 2016;(10):53-56. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.21661/r-115051.

[5] Нарциссова Г.П., Ленько О.А., Волкова И.И. Роль кардиохирургического центра как экспертного уровня пренатальной диагностики врожденных пороков сердца // Вопросы гинекологии, акушерства и перинатологии. − 2015. − Т. 14. − № 4. − С. 69–74. [Nartsissova GP, Len’ko OA, Volkova II. The role of a cardiosurgical centre as expert-level prenatal diagnostics of congenital heart defects. Problems of gynecology, obstetrics, and perinatology. 2015;14(4):69-74. (In Russ.)]

[6] Сафонова И.Н., Яворская Т.П. Клинические постнатальные результаты при различных эхографических вариантах кардиальных аномалий плода // Український радіологічний журнал. − 2015. − Т. 23. − № 2. − С. 14−23. [Safonova I, Yavorska T. Clinical postnatal results at various echographic variants of cardiac fetal abnormalities. Ukrainian journal of radiology. 2015;23(2):14-23. (In Russ.)]

[7] Pinheiro DO, Varisco BB, Silva MB, et al. Accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of congenital cardiac malformations acurácia do diagnóstico pré-natal de cardiopatias congênitas. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2019;41(1):11-16. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676058.

[8] Абухамад А., Шауи Р. Ультразвуковая диагностика аномалий развития плода в первом триместре беременности. – М.: Видар-М, 2019. – 384 с. [Abukhamad A, Shaui R. Ul’trazvukovaya diagnostika anomaliy razvitiya ploda v pervom trimestre beremennosti. Moscow: Vidar-M; 2019. 384 p. (In Russ.)]

[9] Хагай Е.И., Абильмажинова Г.Д. Врожденные пороки сердца у детей, осложненные легочной гипертензией. Диагностика и лечение. Литературный обзор // Наука и здравоохранение. − 2017. − № 5. − С. 129−144. [Khagay YeI, Abilmazhinova GD. Congenital heart diseases in children complicated by pulmonary hypertension. Diagnosis and treatment. Literature review. Nauka i zdravookhranenie. 2017;(5):129-144. (In Russ.)]

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Lim V.A.