Premature rupture of membranes: the current state of the problem and approaches to the rational tactics of labor management

Abstract

Premature rupture of membranes occurs in 2–20% of all pregnancies. The possibility of identifying risk factors and pre dicting this complication are of great interest in practical obstetrics. This review article highlights the current state of the problem and presents approaches to the rational tactics of labor management in case of premature rupture of membranes. We also present the algorithms for the management of labor in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Academician I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University.

Keywords

premature rupture of membranes / interleukins / matrix metalloproteinases / birth control tactics

References

[1] Baev OV, Vasilchenko ON, Kan NE, et al. Premature rupture of membranes (ill-timed discharchage of amniotic fluid). Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2013;(9):123–134. (In Russ.)

[2] Баев О.Р., Васильченко О.Н., Кан Н.Е., и др. Преждевременный разрыв плодных оболочек (преждевременное излитие вод) // Акушерство и гинекология. 2013. № 9. С. 123—134.

[3] Mudrov VA. Possibilities for predicting prelabor rupture of membranes. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2021;70(2):107–118. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17816/JOWD57665

[4] Мудров В.А. Возможности прогнозирования несвоевременного излития околоплодных вод // Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 2021. Т. 70. № 2. С. 107–118. DOI: 10.17816/JOWD57665

[5] Borscheva AA, Pertceva GM, Loginov IA. Risk factors and outcome of labor at ill-timed discharchage of amniotic fluid. Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin. 2017;(5):10–13. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.25207/1608-6228-2017-24-5-10-13

[6] Борщева А.А., Перцева Г.М., Логинов И.А. Факторы риска и исход родов при несвоевременном излитии околоплодных вод. // Кубанский научный медицинский вестник. 2017. Т. 24. № 5. С. 10–13. DOI: 10.25207/1608-6228-2017-24-5-10-13

[7] Menon R, Richardson RS. Preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes: a disease of the fetal membranes. Seminars in Perinatology. 2017;41(7):409–419. DOI: 10.1053/j.semperi.2017.07.012

[8] Menon R., Richardson R.S. Preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes:a disease of the fetal membranes // Seminars in Perinatology. 2017. Vol. 41. No. 7. P. 409–419. DOI: 10.1053/j.semperi.2017.07.012

[9] Tchirikov M, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N, Maher J, et al. Mid-trimester preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM): etio logy, diagnosis, classification, international recommendations of treatment options and outcome. J Perinatal Med. 2018;46(5):465–488. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2017-0027

[10] Tchirikov M., Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N., et al. Mid-trimester preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM): etiology, diagnosis, classification, international recommendations of treatment options and outcome // J. Perinatal Med. 2018. Vol. 46. No. 5. P. 465–488. DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2017-0027

[11] Choltus H, Lavergne M, De Sousa Do Outeiro C, et al. Pathophysiological implication of pattern recognition receptors in fetal membranes rupture: RAGE and NLRP inflammasome. Biomedicines. 2021;9(9):1123. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091123

[12] Choltus H., Lavergne M., De Sousa Do Outeiro C., et al. Pathophysiological implication of pattern recognition receptors in fetal membranes rupture: RAGE and NLRP inflammasome // Biomedicines. 2021. Vol. 9. No. 9. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091123

[13] Menon R, Behnia F, Polletini J, et al. Novel pathways of inflammation in human fetal membranes associated with preterm birth and preterm pre-labor rupture of the membranes. Seminars in Immunopathology. 2020;42(4):431–450. DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00808-x

[14] Menon R., Behnia F., Polletini J., et al. Novel pathways of inflammation in human fetal membranes associated with preterm birth and preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes // Seminars in Immunopathology. 2020. Vol. 42. No. 4. P. 431–450. DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00808-x

[15] Menon R, Boldogh I, Hawkins HK, et al. Histological evidence of oxidative stress and premature senescence in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes recapitulated in vitro. Am J Pathol. 2014;184(6):1740–1751. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.02.011

[16] Menon R., Boldogh I., Hawkins H.K., et al. Histological evidence of oxidative stress and premature senescence in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes recapitulated in vitro // Am. J Pathol. 2014. Vol. 184. No. 6. P. 1740–1751. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.02.011

[17] Kuznetsova NB, Bushtyreva IO, Dybova VS, et al. Etio logy and pathogenesis of preterm rupture of fetal membranes in premature labor. Vestnik Natsional’nogo mediko-khirurgicheskogo Tsentra im. N.I. Pirogova. 2019;14(4):57–61. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.25881/BPNMSC.2020.32.74.012

[18] Кузнецова Н.Б., Буштырева И.О., Дыбова В.С., и др. Этиология и патогенез преждевременного разрыва плодных оболочек при недоношенной беременности // Вестник Национального медико-хирургического Центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2019. Т. 14. № 4. С. 57–61. DOI: 10.25881/BPNMSC.2020.32.74.012

[19] Kaganova MA, Spiridonova NV, Petyanova VA, et al. Anaerobic dysbiosis of the cervical canal as a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes. Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya. 2021;21(1–2):100–109. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.55531/2072-2354.2021.21.1.100-109

[20] Каганова М.А., Спиридонова Н.В., Петянова В.А., и др. Анаэробный дисбиоз цервикального канала как фактора риска преждевременного разрыва плодных оболочек // Аспирантский вестник Поволжья. 2021. Т. 21. № 1–2. С. 100–109. DOI: 10.55531/2072-2354.2021.21.1.100-109

[21] Lee B, Norwitz E, Hwang IS, et al. Impact of progesterone on molecular mechanisms of preterm premature rupture of membranes. Reprod Sci. 2021;28(11):3137–3146. DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00646-8

[22] Lee B., Norwitz E., Hwang I.S., et al. Impact of progesterone on molecular mechanisms of preterm premature rupture of membranes // Reproductive science. 2021. Vol. 28. No. 11. P. 3137–3146. DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00646-8

[23] Grigorkevich OS, Mokrov GV, Kosova LY. Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. 2019;(2):3–16. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.24411/2587-7836-2019-10040

[24] Григоркевич О.С., Мокров Г.В., Косова Л.Ю. Матриксные металлопротеиназы и их ингибиторы // Фармакокинетика и фармакодинамика. 2019. № 2. С. 3–16. DOI: 10.24411/2587-7836-2019-10040

[25] Afanasiyeva MK, Bolotskikh VM, Polyakova VO. Premature rupture of membranes (modern view to etiology and pathogenesis, prediction perspectives). Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2014;63(3):4–11. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17816/JOWD6334-11

[26] Афанасьева М.Х., Болотских В.М., Полякова В.О. Прежде временное излитие околоплодных вод (современные взгляды на этиологию и патогенез, перспективы прогнозирования) // Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 2014. Т. 63. № 3. С. 4–11. DOI: 10.17816/JOWD6334-11

[27] Yan H, Zhub L, Zhangc Z, et al. HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway in pPROM. Taiwanese J Obst Gynecoly. 2018;57(2):211–216. DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.02.008

[28] Yan H., Zhub L., Zhangc Z., et al. HMGB1-RAGE signaling pathway in pPROM // Taiwanese J. Obst. Gynecol. 2018. Vol. 57. No. 2. P. 211–216. DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.02.008

[29] Knyazeva TP. Causes and risk factors of premature rupture membranes. Far East Medical Journal. 2016;(2):128–135. (In Russ.)

[30] Князева Т.П. Причины и факторы риска преждевременного разрыва плодных оболочек // Дальневосточный медицинский журнал. 2016. № 2. С. 128–135.

[31] ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 80: premature rupture of membranes. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(4):1007–1020. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000263888.69178.1f

[32] ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 80: premature rupture of membranes. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists // Obstet. Gynecol. 2007. Vol. 109. No. 4. Р. 1007–1020. DOI: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000263888.69178.1f

[33] Caughey AB, Robinson JN, Norwitz ER. Contemporary diagnosis and management of preterm premature rupture of membranes. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008;1(1):11–22.

[34] Caughey A.B., Robinson J.N., Norwitz E.R. Contemporary diagnosis and management of preterm premature rupture of membranes // Rev. Obst. Gynecol. 2008. Vol. 1. No. 1. Р. 11–22.

[35] Nguyen QHV, Le HN, Ton Nu VA, et al. Lower genital tract infections in preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor: a case-control study from Vietnam. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2021;15(6):805–811. DOI: 10.3855/jidc.13244

[36] Nguyen Q.H.V., Le H.N., Ton Nu V.A., et al. Lower genital tract infections in preterm premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor: a case-control study from Vietnam // J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. 2021. Vol. 15. No. 6. P. 805–811. DOI: 10.3855/jidc.13244

[37] Wang W, Hao J, An R. Abnormal vaginal flora correlates with pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study from 737 pregnant women. Europ J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2022;272(1):64–68. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.03.013

[38] Wang W., Hao J., An R. Abnormal vaginal flora correlates with pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study from 737 pregnant women // Europ. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2022. Vol. 272. No. 1. P. 64–68. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.03.013

[39] Astafev VV, Nazarova SV, Li AD, et al. Modern condition of the problem of the premature rupture of membranes during full-term pregnancy (review of literature). V.F. Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2017;4(4):187–193. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.18821/2313-8726-2017-4-4-187-193

[40] Астафьев В.В., Назарова С.В., Ли А.Д., и др. Современное состояние проблемы преждевременного излития околоплодных вод при доношенной беременности (обзор литературы) // Архив акушерства и гинекологии им. В.Ф. Снегирёва. 2017. Т. 4. № 4. С. 187–193. DOI: 10.18821/2313-8726-2017-4-4-187-193

[41] Tchirikov M, Zhumadilov Z, Winarno AS, et al. Treatment of preterm premature rupture of membranes with oligo-/anhydramnion colonized by multiresistant bacteria with continuous amnioinfusion and antibiotic administrations through a subcutaneously implanted intrauterine port system: a case report. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 2017;42(1):71–76. DOI: 10.1159/000438483

[42] Tchirikov M., Zhumadilov Z., Winarno A.S, et al. Treatment of preterm premature rupture of membranes with oligo-/anhydramnion colonized by multiresistant bacteria with continuous amnioinfusion and antibiotic administrations through a subcutaneously implanted intrauterine port system: a case report // Fetal Diagn Ther. 2017. Vol. 42. No. 1. P. 71–76. DOI: 10.1159/000438483

[43] Graham G, Bakaysa S. Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). In: Norwitz E.R., Zelop C.M., Miller D.A., et al. Evidence-based obstetrics and gynecology. Hoboken;2019:397–406. DOI: 10.1002/9781119072980.ch38

[44] Graham G., Bakaysa S. Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) // Norwitz E.R., Zelop C.M., Miller D.A., Keefe D.L. Evi dence-based obstetrics and gynecology. Hoboken, 2019. P. 397–406. DOI: 10.1002/9781119072980.ch38

[45] Schmitz T, Sentilhesd L, Lorthee E, et al. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes: Guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). Europ J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2019;236(1):1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.02.021

[46] Schmitz T., Sentilhesd L., Lorthee E., et al. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes: Guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF) // Europ. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2019. Vol. 236. No. 1. P. 1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.02.021

[47] Morris JM, Roberts CL, Bowen JR, et al.; PPROMT Collaboration. Immediate delivery compared with expectant management after preterm pre-labour rupture of the membranes close to term (PPROMT trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016;387(10017):444–452. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00724-2

[48] Morris J.M., Roberts C.L., Bowen J.R., et al.; PPROMT Collaboration. Immediate delivery compared with expectant management after preterm pre-labour rupture of the membranes close to term (PPROMT trial): a randomised controlled trial // Lancet. 2016. Vol. 387. No. 10017. P. 444–452. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00724-2

[49] Meller CH, Carducci ME, Ceriani Cernadas JM, et al. Preterm premature rupture of membranes. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2018;116(4):575–581. DOI: 10.5546/aap.2018.eng.e575

[50] Meller C., Carducci M., Cernadas J., et al. Preterm premature rupture of membranes // Arch. Argent Pediatr. 2018. Vol. 116. No. 4. P. 575–581. DOI: 10.5546/aap.2018.eng.e575

[51] Peredovye klinicheskie praktiki i tekhnologii v akusherstve: klinicheskoe rukovodstvo (algoritmy diagnostiki i lecheniya). Ed. by V.F. Bezhenar. Saint Petersburg: RITs PSPbGMU; 2022. (In Russ.)

[52] Передовые клинические практики и технологии в акушерстве: клиническое руководство (алгоритмы диагностики и лечения) / под. ред. В.Ф. Беженаря. Санкт-Петербург: РИЦ ПСПбГМУ, 2022.

[53] Bolotskikh VM, Afanasyeva MH, Kuzminykh TU. Features of labor induction with patients with premature rupture of membranes associated with the lack of biological readiness for delivery in case of full-term pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2016;65(1):4–8. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17816/JOWD6514-8

[54] Болотских В.М., Афанасиева М.Х., Кузьминых Т.У. Особенности проведения родовозбуждения у пациенток с прежде временным излитием околоплодных вод на фоне отсутствия биологической готовности к родам при доношенном сроке // Журнал акушерства и женских болезней. 2016. Т. 65. № 1. C. 4–8. DOI: 10.17816/JOWD6514-8

[55] Haddad H, Orazmuradov AA, Kirtikov SI, et al. Modern mechanical methods for cervical ripening and labor induction. Obstetrics and Gynecology: news, opinions, education. 2021;9(3):36–38. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.33029/2303-9698-2021-9-3-36-38

[56] Хаддад Х., Оразмурадов А.А., Кыртиков С.И., и др. Современные механические методы подготовки шейки матки к родам // Акушерство и гинекология: новости, мнения, обучение. 2021. Т. 9. № 3. С. 36–38. DOI: 10.33029/2303-9698-2021-9-3-36-38

[57] Dyatlova LI, Yermolaeva EI, Glukhova TN. Significance of changes in the cytokine profile in the pathogenesis of premature rupture of membranes in preterm pregnancy. Innovatsionnaya nauka. 2015;11(3):218–221. (In Russ.)

[58] Дятлова Л.И., Ермолаева Е.И., Глухова Т.Н. Значение изменений цитокинового профиля в патогенезе преждевременного разрыва плодных оболочек при недоношенной беременности // Инновационная наука. 2015. Т. 11. No. 3. C. 218—221.

[59] Bolotskikh VM. Prezhdevremennoe izlitie okoloplodnikh vod pri donoshennoi beremennosti: prognozirovanie, patogenez, taktika vedeniya beremennosti i rodov [abstract dissertation]. Saint Petersburg; 2013. (In Russ.) [cited 2023 May 08]. Available from: https://www.dissercat.com/content/prezhdevremennoe-izlitie-okoloplodnykh-vod-pri-donoshennoi-beremennosti-prognozirovanie-pato

[60] Болотских В.М. Преждевременное излитие околоплодных вод при доношенной беременности: прогнозирование, патогенез, тактика ведения беременности и родов: автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Санкт-Петербург, 2013 [дата обращения 12.03.2023]. Доступ по ссылке: https://www.dissercat.com/content/prezhdevremennoe-izlitie-okoloplodnykh-vod-pri-donoshennoi-beremennosti-prognozirovanie-pato

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eсо-Vector