Aviamedical evacuation of patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system

Abstract

The system of medical support for the flight of state aviation, which has developed over 110 years of aviation medicine, ensures, above all, the preservation of the professional performance of flight personnel. Currently, the system includes three mandatory phases: annual medical examination, dynamic medical monitoring during the intercommission period and pre-flight medical examination. Strict observance of all medical rules allows to exclude cases of violation of professional performance, as well as the development of pathological conditions in pilots during flight operations. At the same time, airplanes and helicopters of state aviation are increasingly used not only for transporting personnel, but also for evacuating people from natural disasters, in the event of a terrorist threat, and in other urgent situations. In this case, the decision to evacuate patients suffering from pathology of the circulatory and respiratory systems is taken by the physician who provides medical flight support. However, there are situations in which aviation medical evacuation of patients is carried out unaccompanied by medical personnel. Existing diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems are quite diverse and are found in a large number of passengers of air transport, especially in the elderly. The growing popularity of diving under water, as one of the types of leisure, also requires careful attention to the issues of safe travel of such persons in the near period after diving. The world experience of air travel for people suffering from various pathologies consists in the availability of recommendations for such patients from various medical communities, but there is no single view on these issues. On this basis, it is necessary to develop certain standards for medical support of aeromedical evacuation.

Keywords

medical support of flights / aviation medical evacuation / pathology of the circulatory and respiratory systems / oxygen supply / classical hypoxic test / hypoxic altitude test / altitude decompression sickness / recompression

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