Academician Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky (on the 50th anniversary of his death)

Abstract

The main milestones of the scientific and practical activities of an outstanding pathologist, pathologist, experimenter, academician Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky are covered. I.V. Davydovsky in monographs «Bullet Wound of the Person» (1952, 1954) and «Pathology of gunshot wounds and damages» (the 34th volume of the work «Experience of the Soviet Medicine in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945») (1952) developed the doctrine about wound process and showed that in the bullet raw wound with the participation of microorganisms inevitably there is purulent melting of dead fabrics with the subsequent their diffusion and that this process is a process of biological cleaning of a wound (secondary cleaning of a wound). These works are unique in all world medical literature. The actual material of the military prosecutor covering in total over 1000 dead from wounds in different departments of a body, the material comprehended from medico-biological positions was their basis. However at extensive damages with adverse local and general premises for healing local complications (purulent flow, abscesses, phlegmons, secondary bleedings, etc.), which can be followed by the general reaction of an organism (temperature, blood changes, etc.), adequate to changes in the area of a wound are possible. I.V. Davydovsky called similar states is purulent-resorptive the fever having the different duration and weight. At long it is purulent-rezorbtivnoy to fever traumatic exhaustion can develop. These theoretical ideas of the course of wound process and pathogenesis of the general reactions of an organism emphasized the need of timely surgical processing of bullet wounds for achievement, according to I.V. Davydovsky, «anatomic purity of a wound» and fight against the general phenomena is purulent-resorptive fevers. In 1944 I was published relevant not only for wartime, but also today the book by I.V. Davydovsky «Traumatic exhaustion in the light of the doctrine about sepsis and is purulent-resorptive to fever» which practical value it is difficult to evaluate as basic provisions of this work substantially promoted change of medical tactics of treatment of seriously wounded. Also, the scientific contribution of the scientist in the development of gerontology, doctrines about infectious diseases and atherosclerosis is analyzed. The pedagogical activity of I.V. Davydovsky is noted.

Keywords

I.V. Davydovsky / gunshot wound / secondary wound cleansing / pathological anatomy / pathoanatomical service / it is purulent-resorptive fever / gerontology / atherosclerosis / pedagogics

References

[1] Давыдовский, И.В. Н.И. Пирогов как патолог/ И.В. Давыдовский. – Пироговские чтения. 1954. – М.: Медгиз, 1956. – 57 с.

[2] Давыдовский, И.В. Патологическая анатомия и патогенез болезней человека / И.В. Давыдовский. – М.,1956-1958. – Т. 1–2. – 692 с.

[3] Давыдовский, И.В. Геронтология / И.В. Давыдовский. – М.: Медицина, 1966. – 300 с.

[4] Давыдовский, И.В. Общая патология человека / И.В. Давыдовский. – М., 1969. – 612 с.

[5] Давыдовский, И.В. Избранные лекции по патологии / И.В. Давыдовский. – М., 1975. – 72 с.

[6] Саркисов, Д.С. И.В. Давыдовский и современность / Д.С. Саркисов, А.В. Смольянников. Архив патологии. – 1988. – Т. L, № 3. – С. 3–8.

[7] Чекарева, Г.А. И.В. Давыдовский / Г.А. Чекарева, О.Д. Мишнев. – М.: Медицина; 1980. – 80 с.

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