Renal artery stenosis: causes, consequences, treatment

Abstract

Renal artery stenosis is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine, as there is no clear algorithm for the treatment of this lesion and it is not clear how to evaluate clinical significance of the stenosis and necessity for its correction. Violation of renal artery lumen through fibro-muscular dysplasia has to be actively searched out in young people with hypertension and can be successfully corrected by using balloon angioplasty and stenting. Atherosclerotic renal artery lesion is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular mortality and perhaps this value will increase due to the aging population. Analysis of data obtained from several recent randomized trials comparing conservative and surgical approaches led to a change of tactics of treatment of patients, namely the almost complete abandonment of stenting and more aggressive medical therapy appointment. However, there is a number of questions to this study in terms of patient selection and thus not entirely objective results. In our view, a more careful and differentiated approach to the selection of patients for stenting renal arteries is to be applied that lead to the improvement of results of surgical approach and reduce the number of complications.

Keywords

renal artery stenosis / renovascular hypertension / renal failure / renal artery stenting / pulmonary edema / hypertension / fibromuscular dysplasia

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