Associative communications neuroimmunology with an inflammation and tumoral processes

Abstract

The following review of domestic and foreign literature shows a subtle but close relation between autoimmune neuroimmunological reactions and tumour-associated processes. A detailed description of paraneoplastic antibodies, their interactions with profile receptors and possible development of neoplastic processes are given. It is suggested that, because of the proximity of tumour and tissue antigens, the autoantibody-induced diseases may occur at the early stages of carcinogenesis and therefore serve as its early precursors. These onconeural antibodies have been found in diseases associated with the paraneoplastic syndrome (such as paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, paraneoplastic retinopathy, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, stiff person syndrome, paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuropathy, Lambert– Eaton myasthenic syndrome, paraneoplastic myositis), as well as in certain other types of sociopathology. It is of particular importance that onconeural antibodies may also be found among healthy individuals, often close relatives, which could suggest a possible oncological prognosis regarding tumour localization and the onset of its clinical manifestation. Considering the autoimmune pathogenesis of the paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, these interactions of onconeural antibodies with the receptors and the appearance of oncoantigens may suggest a possibility of developing an effective immuno-modulating antitumor therapy which could significantly improve the quality of life for oncopathology patients.

Keywords

paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome / autoimmune reaction / pathogenesis / clinical heterogeneity / diagnostics / onco-neurology antibodies / antigens / antibodies

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Moskalev A.V., Gumilevskiy B.Yu., Apchel A.V., Tsygan V.N.