Diagnostics and etiopathogenic treatment of muscle-fascial pain syndrome of the face

Abstract

A significant number of patients on an outpatient dental appointment, insufficient knowledge of issues of oral pain syndromes, unusual polymorphism, difficulties in diagnosis and treatment cause interest in the problem. Muscle spasm is the basis for the development of muscle fascial pain syndrome of a face. Analysis of the data on anamnesis and examination of the oral cavity made it possible to draw up a general idea of patient’s dental status, put a presumptive diagnosis, and diagnose the risk factors for the development of the disease. Under observation, there were 57 patients who, after a complete examination including radiological examination, were diagnosed with muscle facial pain syndrome. Severity of pain intensity was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale. The complex etiological and pathogenetic treatment of patients was based on the elimination of possible causative factors and the impact on the pathogenic mechanisms of pain syndrome formation. The effectiveness of the complex etiological and pathogenetic treatment was confirmed by subjective data and the results of a visual analogue scale. It was established that patients suffering from myofascial pain syndrome of a face, believed that surgical operations and manipulations in the oral cavity were the cause of a pain in 47,37% of cases, 21,05% – the earlier endodontic treatment and 22,81% – the transferred stress. The majority of patients had a duration of the disease from one to several years, indicating a persistent nature and a long duration of the disease and a late appeal to a certified specialist. A statistically significant decrease in the pain index from the visual analogue scale confirmed the effectiveness of the complex etiological and pathogenetic treatment.

Keywords

facial pain, oral pain, pathogenesis, trigger points, psycho-emotional disorders, increased tone of the masticatory muscles, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants

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