Analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 in organized military collectives of various types

Abstract

Against the background of the global spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the prevention of infections with airborne mechanisms of transmission has become a priority in the Armed Forces. The development of effective COVID-19 prevention measures requires consideration of the peculiarities of military service and everyday life due to the inability of organized military collectives to comply with the requirements of the lockdown regime introduced at the peak of morbidity by the civilian health system. The patterns of incidence of COVID-19 in military personnel of the Western Military District in organized military collectives were studied in relation to the conditions of training and combat activities and the characteristics of military service. It was found that the dynamics of the incidence of COVID-19 among military personnel of the Western Military District in 2020–2021 exhibited a wave-like character and included four epidemic rises that coincided with epidemic waves among the civilian population. At the same time, from April to December 2020, the morbidity rate in military personnel was significantly higher than that in the general population, and from January to December 2021 against the background of mass vaccination of military personnel against COVID-19, the incidence rate in military personnel decreased by 50% relative to that in the general population. The effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures has increased significantly in recent months. The average number of patients in the epidemic outbreak decreased by 46.3%, the average duration of the outbreak decreased by 12.4%, and the proportion of group morbidity in the structure of the overall incidence of COVID-19 decreased by 19.8%. It is shown that the incidence of COVID-19 in various types of military collectives depends on the conditions of military service and the specifics of daily activities. The highest epidemiological significance of COVID-19 was detected in military units of constant readiness, as well as in medical and military educational organizations.

Keywords

military personnel / morbidity / focality index / new coronavirus infection / COVID-19 / types of collectives / epidemiological significance / epidemic foci / anti-epidemic measures

References

[1] Scheuller SH, Park J, Lott L, et al. Comparison of clinical features in a population of basic military trainees versus the general department of defense beneficiary population presenting with influenza. Military Medicine. 2017;182(9-10):1917–1921. DOI: 10.7205/milmed-d-16-00363

[2] Scheuller S.H., Park J., Lott L., et al. Comparison of clinical features in a population of basic military trainees versus the general department of defense beneficiary population presenting with influenza // Military Medicine. 2017. Vol. 182, No. 9-10. P. 1917–1921. DOI: 10.7205/milmed-d-16-00363

[3] Tavakoli A, Karbalaie NMH, Bokharaei-Salim F, et al. The molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in military trainees in Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019;33:40. DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.40

[4] Tavakoli A., Karbalaie N.M.H., Bokharaei-Salim F., et al. The molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in military trainees in Iran // Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019. Vol. 33. P. 40. DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.40

[5] Webber BJ, Flower AM, Pathak SR, et al. Physical and mental health of us air force military training instructors. Military Medicine. 2019;184(5-6):248–254. DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy418

[6] Webber B.J., Flower A.M., Pathak S.R., et al. Physical and mental health of us air force military training instructors // Military Medicine. 2019. Vol. 184, No. 5-6. P. 248–254. DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy418

[7] Kalinina SB. Rossiiskaya armiya v usloviyakh pandemii. Zametki uchenogo. 2021;(3-1):170–174. (In Russ.).

[8] Калинина С.Б. Российская армия в условиях пандемии // Заметки ученого. 2021. № 3-1. С. 170–174.

[9] Kuzin AA, Lantsov EV, Yumanov AP, et al. View of Military Epidemiologists on the Problem of Global Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection. Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention. 2021;20(3):53–59. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-53-59

[10] Кузин А.А., Ланцов Е.В., Юманов А.П., и др. Взгляд военных эпидемиологов на проблему борьбы с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19 // Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика. 2021. Т. 20, № 3. С. 53–59. DOI: 10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-53-59

[11] The Parisian Military Anti–COVID-19 Group. Small but nimble: measures taken to face the COVID-19 pandemic in small French military hospitals. Am J Manag Care. 2021;27(4):135–136. DOI: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88623

[12] The Parisian Military Anti–COVID-19 Group. Small but nimble: measures taken to face the COVID-19 pandemic in small French military hospitals // Am J Manag Care. 2021. Vol. 27, No. 4. P. 135–136. DOI: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88623

[13] Pishchugin DYu, Knyazev MYu, Silenko YuA, Marchenko EA. Opyt raboty spetsialistov 637 TSGSEHN v ochagakh COVID-19. Proceedings of the Online congress with international participation: «Molekulyarnaya diagnostika i biobezopasnost’-2021. COVID-19: ehpidemiologiya, diagnostika, profilaktika». Moscow, 2021. P. 37. (In Russ.).

[14] Пищугин Д.Ю., Князев М.Ю., Силенко Ю.А., Марченко Е.А. Опыт работы специалистов 637 ЦГСЭН в очагах COVID-19 // Сборник тезисов Онлайн-конгресса с международным участием «Молекулярная диагностика и биобезопасность-2021. COVID-19: эпидемиология, диагностика, профилактика». Москва, 2021. С. 37.

[15] Khanina EE. Treatment and prevention of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Evraziiskoe Nauchnoe Ob’edinenie. 2021; (6-3):198–204. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5090182

[16] Ханина Е.Е. Лечение и профилактика новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) // Евразийское Научное Объединение. 2021. № 6-3. С. 198–204. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5090182

[17] Hall A, Qureshi I, Glaser J, et al. Cost and benefit of military quarantine policiesю. Prev Med. 2021;143:106371. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106371

[18] Hall A., Qureshi I., Glaser J., et al. Cost and benefit of military quarantine policies // Prev Med. 2021. Vol. 143. ID 106371. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106371

[19] Wentz LM, Ward MD, Potter C, et al. Increased Risk of Upper Respiratory Infection in Military Recruits Who Report Sleeping Less Than 6 h per night. Military Medicine. 2018;183(11-12):699–704. DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy090

[20] Wentz L.M., Ward M.D., Potter C., et al. Increased Risk of Upper Respiratory Infection in Military Recruits Who Report Sleeping Less Than 6 h per night // Military Medicine. 2018. Vol. 183, No. 11-12. P. 699–704. DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy090

[21] Agadzhanyan AA, Baziyants LR, Bezbabicheva TS. Povtornye ehpizody COVID-19: variatsii i prichiny. Proceedings of the XXXVIII International research competition «Luchshaya studencheskaya stat’ya 2021». Penza, 2021. P. 180–182. (In Russ.).

[22] Агаджанян А.А., Базиянц Л.Р., Безбабичева Т.С. Повторные эпизоды COVID-19: вариации и причины // Сборник статей XXXVIII Международного научно-исследовательского конкурса «Лучшая студенческая статья 2021». Пенза, 2021. С. 180–182.

[23] Popova AY, Smirnov VS, Ezhlova EB, et al. Herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the Novosibirsk Region population amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Problems of Virology. 2021;66(4):299–309. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-54

[24] Попова А.Ю., Смирнов В.С., Ежлова Е.Б., и др. Популяционный иммунитет к SARS-CoV-2 населения Новосибирской области на фоне пандемии COVID-19 // Вопросы вирусологии. 2021. Т. 66, № 4. С. 299–309. DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-54

[25] Glantz SA. Primer of biostatistics. 4-th edition. Buzikashvili NE, Samoilov DV, editors. Translate by YuA Danilova. Moscow: Praktika, 1998. 459 p. (In Russ.).

[26] Гланц С. Медико-биологическая статистика / под ред. Н.Е. Бузикашвили, Д.В. Самойлова, пер. с англ. Ю.А. Данилова. Москва: Практика, 1998. 459 с.

[27] Pokrovskii VI, Briko NI, editors. Obshchaya ehpidemiologiya s osnovami dokazatel’noi meditsiny: rukovodstvo k prakticheskim zanyatiyam. Moscow: GEHOTAR-Media, 2018. 496 p. (In Russ.).

[28] Общая эпидемиология с основами доказательной медицины: руководство к практическим занятиям / под ред. В.И. Покровского, Н.И. Брико. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2018. 496 с.

[29] Kryukov EV, Trishkin DV, Ivanov AM, et al. Comparative Cohort Epidemiological Study of Collective Immunity against New Coronavirus Infection among Different Groups of Military Personnel. Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. 2021;76(6): 661–668. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.15690/vramn1583

[30] Крюков Е.В., Тришкин Д.В., Иванов А.М., и др. Эпидемиологическое исследование коллективного иммунитета против новой коронавирусной инфекции среди разных групп военнослужащих // Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2021. Т. 76, № 6. С. 661–668. DOI: 10.15690/vramn1583

[31] Artebyakin SV, Lantsov EV, Kuzin AA. Aktual’nost’ i metodicheskii podkhod k izucheniyu kollektivnogo immuniteta k novoi koronavirusnoi infektsii v organizovannykh kollektivakh. Proceedings of the online congress with international participation: «Molekulyarnaya diagnostika i biobezopasnost’-2021. COVID-19: ehpidemiologiya, diagnostika, profilaktika». Moscow, 2021. P. 18. (In Russ.).

[32] Артебякин С.В., Ланцов Е.В., Кузин А.А. Актуальность и методический подход к изучению коллективного иммунитета к новой коронавирусной инфекции в организованных коллективах // Сборник тезисов Онлайн-конгресса с международным участием «Молекулярная диагностика и биобезопасность-2021. COVID-19: эпидемиология, диагностика, профилактика». Москва, 2021. С. 18.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Gorenchuk A.N., Zhogolev S.D., Kuzin A.A., Kulikov P.V., Zhogolev K.D., Ustinov A.E., Kuznetsova R.Y.