Nutritional nutrition in rehabilitation of cancer patients

Abstract

The article provides a brief overview of the issues of nutritional therapy in the rehabilitation of cancer patients. Excess sugar in food and drink, fatty and high-calorie foods, processed meat, trans fatty acids, preservatives and dyes are risk factors for the formation of malignant tumors. Patients should be informed about adherence to a healthy lifestyle and exclusion from the diet of foods containing carcinogens to reduce the recurrence of the disease. Chemotherapy courses and radiation sessions are accompanied by a number of side effects that lead to a decrease in the body's defense systems. For the recovery of cancer patients, protein, vitamins and minerals must be present in the diet. All nutrients are better obtained from the natural foods. To maintain a healthy diet, the World Cancer Research Foundation (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) recommends you toinclude vegetables, fruits, whole grains and legumes in your daily diet. The article focuses on mare's milk, its multicomponent composition, which has immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial properties. To increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures in patients after antitumor treatment, it is advisable to include mare's milk in medical nutrition, which has therapeutic and health-improving properties, and it is also possible to use it in patients undergoing antitumor cytostatic therapy. Further comprehensive study of the therapeutic and rehabilitation potential of mare's milk would make it possible to use this product more widely as an important component of nutritional support for cancer patients during specific therapy courses, which will have a positive effect on their survival rates and quality of life. In the treatment of malignant tumors, the main emphasis is on the development of strategies, new treatment options, and medical nutrition and a healthy lifestyle are an integral part of their complex rehabilitation.

Keywords

medical nutrition / cancer patients / rehabilitation / natural product / mare's milk

References

[1] Oncology. Ed. by D. Casciato. Translated from the English by A.A. Moiseev. (Series: Foreign practical manuals on medicine; No. 12). Moscow: Praktika; 2008. Р. 31–32. (In Russ).

[2] Онкология / под ред. Д. Касчиато. Пер. с англ. А.А. Моисеева. (Серия: Зарубежные практические руководства по медицине; № 12). Москва: Практика, 2008. С. 31–32.

[3] Zaridze DG, Maksimovich DM. Prevention of malignant neoplasms. Advances in Molecular Oncology. 2017;4(2):8–25. (In Russ).

[4] Заридзе Д.Г., Максимович Д.М. Профилактика злокачественных новообразований//Успехи молекулярной онкологии. 2017. Т. 4, № 2. С. 8–25.

[5] Baranov VS, Baranova EV. Human genome, epigenetics of multifactorial diseases and personalized medicine. Biosphere. 2012;4(1):76–85. (In Russ).

[6] Баранов В.С., Баранова Е.В. Геном человека, эпигенетика многофакторных болезней и персонифицированная медицина//Биосфера. 2012. Т. 4, № 1. С. 76–85.

[7] Nemtsova MV, Kushlinsky NE. Achievements of high-tech genomic methods for practical oncology. Clinical Oncohematology. 2016;1(2):10–13. (In Russ).

[8] Немцова М.В., Кушлинский Н.Е. Достижения высокотехнологичных геномных методов для практической онкологии//Клиническая онкогематология. 2016. Т. 1, № 2. С. 10–13.

[9] Novikova EI, Snigireva GP. "New generation" sequencing (NGS): application for molecular genetic research in oncology. Bulletin of the Russian Scientific Center for Radiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 2016;1:1–16. (In Russ).

[10] Новикова Е.И., Снигирева Г.П. Секвенирование «нового поколения» (NGS): применение для молекулярно-генетических исследований в онкологии//Вестник Российского научного центра рентгенорадиологии Минздрава России. 2016. Т. 1. С. 1–16.

[11] Ravasco P. Nutrition in cancer patients. J Clin Med. 2019;8(8):1211. doi: 10.3390/jcm8081211

[12] Ravasco P. Nutrition in cancer patients//J Clin Med. 2019. Vol. 8, N 8. Р. 1211. doi: 10.3390/jcm8081211

[13] Guidelines for chemotherapy of tumor diseases. Ed. by N.I. Perevodchikova, V.A. Gorbunova. 4th ed. Moscow: Practical Medicine; 2015. Р. 581–595. (In Russ).

[14] Руководство по химиотерапии опухолевых заболеваний / под ред. Н.И. Переводчиковой, В.А. Горбуновой. 4-е изд. Москва: Практическая медицина, 2015. С. 581–595.

[15] Sytov AV, Zuzov SA, Leiderman IN, Hoteev AZh. Practical recommendations for nutritional support in cancer patients: Practical recommendations of RUSSO. Vol. 10, No. 3s2. Russian Society of Clinical Oncology; 2020. Р. 117–125. (In Russ).doi: 10.18027/2224-5057-2020-10-3s2-43

[16] Сытов А. В., Зузов С. А., Лейдерман И. Н., Хотеев А. Ж. Практические рекомендации по нутритивной поддержке у онкологических больных: Практические рекомендации RUSSСO. Российское общество клинической онкологии, 2020. Т. 10, № 3s2. С. 117–125. doi: 10.18027/2224-5057-2020-10-3s2-43

[17] Caro MM, Laviano A, Pichard C. Impact of nutrition on quality of life during cancer. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 2007;10(4):480–487. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3281e2c983

[18] Caro M.M., Laviano A., Pichard C. Impact of nutrition on quality of life during cancer//Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 2007. Vol. 10, N 4. Р. 480–487.doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3281e2c983

[19] Daniel M, Tollefsbol TO. Epigenetic linkage of aging, cancer and nutrition. J Exp Biol. 2015;218(1):59–70. doi: 10.1242/jeb.107110

[20] Daniel M., Tollefsbol T.O. Epigenetic linkage of aging, cancer and nutrition//J Exp Biol. 2015. Vol. 218, N 1. Р. 59–70.doi: 10.1242/jeb.107110

[21] Bykov AT, Shaposhnikov AV, Malyarenko TN. Restriction of the caloric content of the food diet in the prevention of cancer. Medical Business. 2017;(6):4–10. (In Russ).

[22] Быков А.Т., Шапошников А.В., Маляренко Т.Н. Ограничение калорийности пищевого рациона в профилактике рака//Лечебное дело. 2017. № 6. С. 4–10.

[23] Hursting SD, Dunlap SM, Ford NA, et al. Calorie restriction and cancer prevention: a mechanistic perspective. Cancer Metab. 2013;1:1–10. doi: 10.1186/2049-3002-1-10

[24] Hursting S.D., Dunlap S.M., Ford N.A., et al. Calorie restriction and cancer prevention: a mechanistic perspective//Cancer Metab. 2013. Vol. 1. Р. 1–10.doi: 10.1186/2049-3002-1-10

[25] De Cabo R, Mattson MP. Effects of intermittent fastingon health, aging, and disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(26):2541–2551.doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1905136

[26] De Cabo R., Mattson M.P. Effects of intermittent fastingon health, aging, and disease//N Engl J Med. 2019. Vol. 381, N 26. Р. 2541–2551. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1905136

[27] Lee С, Longo VD. Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients. Onkogene. 2011;30(30):3305–3316. doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.91

[28] Lee С., Longo V.D. Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients//Onkogene. 2011. Vol. 30, N 30. Р. 3305–3316.doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.91

[29] Riedinger CJ, Kimball KJ, Kilgore LC, et al. Water-only fasting and its effect on chemotherapy administration in gynecologic malignancies. Gynecologic Oncology. 2020;159(3):799–803.doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.008

[30] Riedinger C.J., Kimball K.J., Kilgore L.C., et al. Water-only fasting and its effect on chemotherapy administration in gynecologic malignancies//Gynecologic Oncology. 2020. Vol. 159, N 3. Р. 799–803.doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.008

[31] Bose S, Allen AE, Locasale JW. The molecular link from diet to cancer cell metabolism. Molecular Cell. 2020;78(6):1034–1044.doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.05.018

[32] Bose S., Allen A.E., Locasale J.W. The molecular link from diet to cancer cell metabolism//Molecular Cell. 2020. Vol. 78, N 6. Р. 1034–1044. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.05.018

[33] Melnikova OF. The role of nutrition in maintaining human health. Science Time. 2016;(10):200–204. (In Russ).

[34] Мельникова О.Ф. Роль питания в поддержании здоровья человека//Science Time. 2016. № 10. С. 200–204.

[35] Mamaeva AM. The use of food additives and preservatives in food products. Collection of materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation "Improving the quality and safety of food products". Makhachkala, October 23–24. Makhachkala: Dagestan State University; 2018. Р. 79–82. (In Russ).

[36] Мамаева А.М. Использование пищевых добавок и консервантов в продовольственных товарах. Сборник материалов Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Повышение качества и безопасности пищевых продуктов». Махачкала, 23–24 октября. Махачкала: Дагестанский государственный университет, 2018. С. 79–82.

[37] Rock CL, Thomson C, Gansler T, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention. CA Cancer J Clin. doi: 10.3322/caac.21591

[38] Rock C.L., Thomson C., Gansler T., et al. American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention//CA Cancer J Clin. doi: 10.3322/caac.21591

[39] Khodabakhshi A, Akbari EM, Mirzaei HR, et al. Feasibility, safety, and beneficial effects of mct-based ketogenic diet for breast cancer treatment: a randomized controlled trial study. Nutrition and Cancer. 2019;72(4):627–634. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1650942

[40] Khodabakhshi A., Akbari E.M., Mirzaei H.R., et al. Feasibility, safety, and beneficial effects of mct-based ketogenic diet for breast cancer treatment: a randomized controlled trial study//Nutrition and Cancer. 2019. Vol. 72, N 4. Р. 627–634.doi: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1650942

[41] Esaulenko EE, Eremina TV, Basov AA, et al. The role of rational nutrition to ensure a healthy lifestyle. International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. 2017;(4):98–101. (In Russ).

[42] Есауленко Е.Е., Еремина Т.В., Басов А.А., и др. Роль рационального питания для обеспечения здорового образа жизни//Международный журнал прикладных и фундаментальных исследований. 2017. № 4. С. 98–101.

[43] Petrova NV, Metelskaya VA, Sokolov EI, et al. Dietary fatty acids. Influence on the risk of diseases of the circulatory system. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2011;7(5):620–627. (In Russ).

[44] Петрова Н.В., Метельская В.А., Соколов Е.И., и др. Пищевые жирные кислоты. Влияние на риск болезней системы кровообращения//Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2011. Т. 7, № 5. С. 620–627.

[45] Patterson E, Wall R, Fitzgerald GF, et al. Health implications of high dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:539426. doi: 10.1155/2012/539426

[46] Patterson E., Wall R., Fitzgerald G.F., et al. Health implications of high dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids//J Nutr Metab. 2012. Vol. 2012. Р. 539426. doi: 10.1155/2012/539426

[47] Zaitseva LV. Trans-isomers — the plague of the XXI century. Food Industry. 2012;(3):28–31. (In Russ).

[48] Зайцева Л.В. Трансизомеры — чума XXI века//Пищевая промышленность. 2012. № 3. С. 28–31.

[49] Zaitseva LV. The role of various fatty acids in human nutrition in the production of food products. Food Industry. 2012;(10):60–63. (In Russ).

[50] Зайцева Л.В. Роль различных жирных кислот в питании человека при производстве пищевых продуктов//Пищевая промышленность. 2012. № 10. С. 60–63.

[51] WHO. Restrictions on the content of harmful trans fats in food products protect more than 3 billion people [Electronic resource]. (In Russ). Available from: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/09-09-2020-more-than-3-billion-people-protected-from-harmful-trans-fat-in-their-food

[52] ВОЗ. Ограничения на содержание вредных трансжиров в продуктах питания защищают более 3 миллиардов человек [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/09-09-2020-more-than-3-billion-people-protected-from-harmful-trans-fat-in-their-food. Дата обращения: 25.12.2020.

[53] Gromova OA, Rebrov VG. Vitamins and carcinogenesis: myths and reality. Difficult Patient. 2007;5(3):5–11. (In Russ).

[54] Громова О.А., Ребров В.Г. Витамины и канцерогенез: мифы и реальность//Трудный пациент. 2007. Т. 5, № 3. С. 5–11.

[55] Anisimova EN, Borisov AG, Kondakov AE, Savchenko AA. Vitamins as the basis of immunometabolic therapy. Krasnoyarsk; 2011. 213 p. (In Russ).

[56] Анисимова Е.Н., Борисов А.Г., Кондаков А.Е., Савченко А.А. Витамины как основа иммунометаболической терапии. Красноярск, 2011. 213 с.

[57] Custódio DD, Marinho EC, Gontijo CA, et al. Impact of chemotherapy on diet and nutritional status of women with breast cancer: a prospective study. PLOS One. 2016;11(6):e0157113.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157113

[58] Custódio D.D., Marinho E.C., Gontijo C.A., et al. Impact of chemotherapy on diet and nutritional status of women with breast cancer: a prospective study//PLOS One. 2016. Vol. 11, N 6. Р. e0157113. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157113

[59] Zakrevsky VV, Liflyandsky VG. Vegetables and fruits in the prevention and treatment of cancer in the light of evidence-based medicine (part 2). Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg University. Medicine. 2018;13(1):91–100. (In Russ).

[60] Закревский В.В., Лифляндский В.Г. Овощи и плоды в профилактике и лечении рака в свете доказательной медицины (часть 2)//Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Медицина. 2018. Т. 13, № 1. С. 91–100.

[61] Zakrevsky VV, Liflyandsky VG. Vegetables and fruits in the prevention and treatment of cancer in the light of evidence-based medicine (part 1). Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg University. Medicine. 2017;12(4):407–415. (In Russ).

[62] Закревский В.В., Лифляндский В.Г. Овощи и плоды в профилактике и лечении рака в свете доказательной медицины (часть 1)//Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Медицина. 2017. Т. 12, № 4. С. 407–415.

[63] Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhou T, et al. Dietary natural products for prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Nutrients. 2016;8(3):156.doi: 10.3390/nu8030156

[64] Zhou Y., Li Y., Zhou T., et al. Dietary natural products for prevention and treatment of liver cancer//Nutrients. 2016. Vol. 8, N 3. Р. 156. doi: 10.3390/nu8030156

[65] WCRF. Diet, nutrition, physical activity and cancer: a global perspective the third expert report. Available from: https://www.wcrf.org/dietandcancer

[66] Cancer prevention. Available from: https://www.aicr.org/cancer-prevention/recommendations/eat-a-diet-rich-in-whole-grains-vegetables-fruits-and-beans

[67] Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, et al. Carcinogenicity of consumption of redand processed meat. Lancet Oncology. 2015;16(16):1599-1600. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00444-1

[68] Bouvard V., Loomis D., Guyton K.Z., et al. Carcinogenicity of consumption of redand processed meat//Lancet Oncology. 2015. Vol. 16, N 16. Р. 1599–1600.doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00444-1

[69] Ozhiganova NV, Mustafina SV. Influence of consumption of red meat and meat products on the incidence of colorectal cancer. Interactive Science. 2019;(12):12–14. (In Russ).

[70] Ожиганова Н.В., Мустафина С.В. Влияние потребления красного мяса и мясной продукции на заболеваемость колоректальным раком//Интерактивная наука. 2019. № 12. С. 12–14. Ozhiganova NV, Mustafina SV. Influence of consumption of red meat and meat products on the incidence of colorectal cancer. Interactive Science. 2019;(12):12–14. (In Russ).

[71] Xie M, Liu J, Tsao R, et al. Whole grain consumption for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Nutrients. 2019;11(8):1769. doi: 10.3390/nu11081769

[72] Xie M., Liu J., Tsao R., et al. Whole grain consumption for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer//Nutrients. 2019. Vol. 11, N 8. P. 1769. doi: 10.3390/nu11081769

[73] Dankverta A, Japaridze T. The level of milk consumption-the health of the nation. Dairy and Meat Cattle Breeding. 2010;(2):2–5. (In Russ).

[74] Данкверта А., Джапаридзе Т. Уровень потребления молока — здоровье нации//Молочное и мясное скотоводство. 2010. № 2. С. 2–5.

[75] Levakov SA, Borovkova EI, Sheshukova NA, Guriev TD. Factors of reducing the risk of developing malignant tumors. Obstetrics and Gynecology: News. Opinions. Training. 2014;(2):50–57. (In Russ).

[76] Леваков С.А., Боровкова Е.И., Шешукова Н.А., Гуриев Т.Д. Факторы снижения риска развития злокачественных опухолей//Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучение. 2014. № 2. С. 50–57.

[77] Sun X, Zhang J, Gupta R, et al. Dairy milk fat augments paclitaxel therapy to suppress tumour metastasis in mice, and protects against the side-effects of chemotherapy. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2011;28(7):675–688. doi: 10.1007/s10585-011-9400-1

[78] Sun X., Zhang J., Gupta R., et al. Dairy milk fat augments paclitaxel therapy to suppress tumour metastasis in mice, and protects against the side-effects of chemotherapy//Clin Exp Metastasis. 2011. Vol. 28, N 7. Р. 675–688.doi: 10.1007/s10585-011-9400-1

[79] Zhang X, Chen X, Xu Y, et al. Milk consumption and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in humans. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2021;18(1):7.doi: 10.1186/s12986-020-00527-y

[80] Zhang X., Chen X., Xu Y., et al. Milk consumption and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in humans//Nutr Metab (Lond). 2021. Vol. 18, N 1. Р. 7. doi: 10.1186/s12986-020-00527-y

[81] Kanareikina SG, Davydova AA, Kanareikin VI. Therapeutic and prophylactic properties of mare's milk. Bulletin of Meat Cattle Breeding. 2016;(3):99. (In Russ).

[82] Канарейкина С.Г., Давыдова А.А., Канарейкин В.И. Лечебно-профилактические свойства кобыльего молока//Вестник мясного скотоводства. 2016. № 3. С. 99.

[83] Mazhitova A, Kulmyrzaev A. Physiologically functional components of mare's milk. MANAS. Journal of Engineering. 2015;3(2):1–8. (In Russ).

[84] Mazhitova A., Kulmyrzaev A. Физиологически функциональные компоненты кобыльего молока//MANAS. Journal of Engineering. 2015. Vol. 3, № 2. Р. 1–8.

[85] Bimbetov BR, Zhangabylov AK, Benberin VV, et al. Mare's milk: therapeutic and dietary properties. Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 2019;(9):73–78. (In Russ).

[86] Бимбетов Б.Р., Жангабылов А.К., Бенберин В.В., и др. Mare's milk: therapeutic and dietary properties//Вестник Национальной академии наук РК. 2019. № 9. С. 73–78.

[87] Gilmutdinova LT, Kudayarova RR, Yanturina NH. The unique composition of mare's milk is the basis of the medicinal properties of kumis. Bulletin of the Bashkir State Agrarian University. 2011;(3):74–80. (In Russ).

[88] Гильмутдинова Л.Т., Кудаярова Р.Р., Янтурина Н.Х. Уникальный состав кобыльего молока — основа лечебных свойств кумыса//Вестник Башкирского государственного аграрного университета. 2011. № 3. С. 74–80.

[89] Gilmutdinov AR. Sanatorium-restorative treatment of patients after surgery on the abdominal organs [dissertation abstract]. Moscow; 2007. 48 p. (In Russ).

[90] Гильмутдинов А.Р. Санаторно-восстановительное лечение больных после операции на органах брюшной полости: Автореф. дис. … д-р мед. наук. Москва, 2007. 48 с.

[91] Gilmutdinova LT, Kudayarova RR. Fundamentals of kumysolechenie and kumysodeliya. Ufa; 2017. 205 p. (In Russ).

[92] Гильмутдинова Л.Т., Кудаярова Р.Р. Основы кумысолечения и кумысоделия. Уфа, 2017. 205 с.

[93] Gilmutdinov AR. Immunomodulatory and clinical effectiveness of the use of kumysotherapy in complex sanatorium rehabilitation of patients operated for cholelithiasis. Bulletin of Restorative Medicine. 2007;(4):66–69. (In Russ).

[94] Гильмутдинов А.Р. Иммуномодулирующая и клиническая эффективность применения кумысолечения в комплексной санаторной реабилитации больных, оперированных по поводу желчнокаменной болезни // Вестник восстановительной медицины. 2007. № 4. С. 66–69.

[95] Gilmutdinova LT, Kudayarova RR, Gilmutdinov AR. Fundamentals of kumysolechenie in resort medicine. Resort Medicine. 2020;(3):197–200. (In Russ).

[96] Гильмутдинова Л.Т., Кудаярова Р.Р., Гильмутдинов А.Р. Основы кумысолечения в курортной медицине//Курортная медицина. 2020. № 3. С. 197–200.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector