Janus kinase inhibitor in combination therapy for atopic dermatitis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic recurrent immunoinflammatory skin disease that develops against the background of a genotypic defect in the skin barrier function and innate and adaptive autoimmunity. Currently, there is no specific therapy for atopic dermatitis, so there remains a need to constantly search for effective pathogenetic approaches to its treatment. Today, the Janus kinase type 1 inhibitor abrocitinib is recommended for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.

AIM: To conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the combination of UVB 311 nm with abrocitinib and UVB 311 nm phototherapy against the background of standard therapy according to indications in the treatment of patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the period from 2023 to 2024, the dermatological status and quality of life were assessed in 40 patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis who were prone to frequent relapses. The patients were treated at the clinic for skin and venereal diseases. Depending on the therapy, all patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 20 patients receiving systemic, topical therapy in combination with UVB 311 nm phototherapy and additionally abrocitinib, at an induction dose of 200 mg followed by a dose of 100 mg. The second group included 20 patients who received systemic, local therapy in combination with UVB 311 nm phototherapy. Upon admission to the hospital and after two months of therapy, a comparative assessment of the DLQI index and an assessment of the prevalence and intensity of skin lesions in accordance with the SCORAD and IGA index were performed, an assessment of the level of IgE in the blood were performed

RESULTS: After the course of therapy, the SCORAD index in patients of the first and second groups decreased statistically significantly (p=0.001) by 2.4 times and 1.6 times, respectively. The DLQI index in patients of the first and second groups after the course of therapy significantly (p=0.001) decreased by 3.2 times, 2.1 times, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Our study revealed a more significant effectiveness of therapy with abrocitinib in combination with UVB 311 nm compared with UVB 311 nm monotherapy in patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis.

Keywords

atopic dermatitis / abrocitinib / UVB 311 nm therapy

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