Monitoring results of the incidence of non-polio enterovirus infection in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The study presents the results of monitoring the incidence of non-polio enterovirus infection in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (2011–2021).

AIM: To analyze the incidence of non-polio EVI in the urban population of Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra for 2011–2021.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the manifestations of the epidemic process of non-polio enterovirus infection was conducted, and the results of virological monitoring were presented.

RESULTS: The total incidence of EVI was predominantly shared by the urban population with predominance of children aged <6 years and school children. In the period 2020–2021, the low incidence of EVI was due to ongoing anti-epidemic measures against COVID-19 and was accompanied by the spread of enterovirus CVA6 serotype, which can effectively implement the aspiration mechanism of the transmission of the infectious agent and cause respiratory and exanthemic diseases. The spread of CVA6 was affected by an increase in the migration activity of the population, due to the partial lifting of restrictions and an increase in the non-immune stratum of the population and a decrease in the incidence of EVI in 2020. The results of the study will contribute to the adoption of measures leading to a decrease in the incidence of EVI in the Khanty–Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and rational planning of preventive measures by improving the information and diagnostic subsystems of epidemiological surveillance.

CONCLUSION: To solve the tasks, further investigation of the spectrum of enteroviruses circulating in the Khanty–Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, frequency of their occurrence in subclinical forms of EVI and as etiological agents of enteroviral meningitis, development of a molecular genetic typing technique using the technology of mass parallel high-throughput sequencing, and study of molecular genetic characteristics is necessary. These will reduce the risks of EVI in the post-pandemic period, ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, and prevent EVI spread in the Khanty–Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.

Keywords

non-polio enteroviruses / CVA6 / enterovirus infection / enterovirus vesicular stomatitis with exanthema / enterovirus vesicular pharyngitis / enterovirus meningitis

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