Analysis of risk factors of developing infections associated with medical care among maternity and newborn babies

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In modern conditions of the development of healthcare and humanity as a whole, the prevention of healthcare associated infections is one of the global world problems.

Identification of risk factors for the development of infections associated with the provision of medical care in patients in various types of medical organizations is an integral part of epidemiological surveillance.

To determine the “health index” of a nation, it is enough to indicate the level of infectious morbidity, in the formation of which healthcare associated infections plays an important role. Currently, the attention of medical workers of various specialties is attracted to this problem: hygienists, health care organizers, microbiologists, epidemiologists, and heads of nursing staff.

AIM of this study was to identify possible risk factors for the development of healthcare associated infections in puerperas and newborns in the perinatal center in Makhachkala.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective, observational, single-center, continuous study was conducted based on the data of birth histories and individual maps of the development of newborns. The main group consisted of 125 puerperas and newborns with signs of HL. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive results of bacteriological examination of puerperas and newborns. The sanitary and hygienic background of the hospital was determined by samples of swabs from the surfaces of equipment, inventory, medical products, underwear and bed linen, dishes, hands of staff and puerperas.

RESULTS: It has been established that possible risk factors for the development of infections associated with the provision of medical care in newborns and maternity hospitals include the carrying of hospital ecovars of microorganisms in workers of all categories; contamination by conditionally pathogenic microorganisms of various surfaces of the hospital environment, equipment, tools, inventory; invasive medical and diagnostic interventions (vascular catheterization, urinary tract, endoscopic studies, transfusions, punctures, injections), artificial lung ventilation, artificial feeding, etc. The multiplicity and duration of procedures are important.

CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening control over the epidemiological safety of medical care using the risk assessment of hospital infections, as well as strengthening microbiological monitoring of circulating strains of topical pathogens are leading in the prevention of infections associated with the provision of medical care.

Keywords

infections associated with medical care / risk factors / microbiological monitoring

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