Different types of sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients

Abstract

Novel data on biological features of tumors and diagnosis development have become an stimulus to reduce surgical extension for breast cancer. Axillary lymph node dissection is associated with different complications. That’s why a demand to verify regional lymph node status using biopsy has appeared. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is performed in a few steps. First, a marker solution is introduced intradermally or into breast parenchyma periareolarly or at the tumor site. Afterwards it goes with lymph flow to the lymph node and accumulates in it, this first node is called sentinel (SLN). Its localization is variable but most typically it could be found at the lateral margin of major pectoral muscle at the frontal axillar line. There are currently 5 main methods of SLNB that are described in this article. These techniques differ in a substance used and equipment needed to detect a SLN. All the methods are currently implemented routinely. Many investigations has been performed worldwide that shows advantages and disadvantages of each method which are described in the given article.

Keywords

breast cancer / sentinel lymph node / biopsy

References

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