BIOMECHANICS OF MOBILITY OF THE RIBS IN RESPIRATORY EXCURSIONS OF THE CHEST

Abstract

Objective - to solve the problem of the biomechanics of the mobility of the ribs during thoracic respiratory excursion and the possibility of participation of the so-called mm. levatores costarum in these movements. In most modern anatomy guidelines, the function of these muscles is covered according to their name. However, in earlier works doubts were expressed about the involvement of these muscles in lifting the ribs. Both true and false ribs can neither raise nor lower during respiratory excursions of the chest due to the anatomical and biomechanical properties of their articulations in the chest. During chest expansion and compression, the ribs constantly maintain their original position relative to the vertebral column, to which each rib is fixed by tight joints at two points. Therefore, the only possible movement is rotation of the ribs around oblique axis passing along the rib neck. The curved shape of the ribs is responsible for the change in space position of the body and the sternal end of the ribs during their rotation. As far as the name mm. levatores costarum do not correspond to their function as lifters and even as rotators of ribs, it seems justified to change their nomenclature name. Based on the real anatomical and biomechanical peculiarities of these muscles, they should be ranked with the muscles which are responsible for rotation and extension of the spinal column. The name costotransverse muscles (mm. costotransversales) are more applicable for these muscles. This name reflects their most likely function as rotators and extensors of the spinal column in the thoracic region.

Keywords

biomechanics of respiratory movements / rotatores-muscles of vertebral column / mobility of chest / mobility of ribs / mm. levatores costales

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RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Kozlov V.I., Tsvetkova T.Y.