CURRENT VIEWS ON HISTOPHYSIOLOGY OF BRONCHIOLAR EXOCRINE CELLS

Abstract

This review provides new data on the structure and function of bronchiolar exocrine cells. The nonciliary cells in the bronchioles were first described by Kolliker as early as in 1881. The detailed study of these cells in human and rabbit bronchioles was carried out by M. Clara in 1973, and the cells were named after him. The review discusses the following functions of Clara cells or bronchiolar exocrine cells: a protective function due to the secretion of specific proteins, as well as a liquid substrate located on the surface of the mucous membrane; participation in the restoration of damaged ciliary cells as a kind of stem (progenitor) cells; the function of detoxification of harmful substances that enter the lungs, namely: the metabolism of xenobiotics and carcinogens; participation in the development of many forms of lung cancer, the source of the formation of which are bronchiolar exocrine cells, including adenocarcinoma, the most commonly diagnosed lung tumor.

Keywords

bronchiolar exocrine cells / bronchiole / bronchiolar epithelium / lung

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Goriachkina V.L., Tsomartova D.A., Chereshneva E.V., Ivanova M.Y., Kuznetsov S.L.