PLACENTA OF NORMAL WOMEN AND OF PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA OF VARIOUS DEGREES OF SEVERITY (IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND HISTO LO GICAL STUDY)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the immunomorphological features and expression of immunohistochemical markers that indicate the presence of immune inflammation in the placenta in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy complicated by bronchial asthma (BA) of varying degrees of severity. The of 80 samples of placenta from patients with BA were studied immunohistochemically and histologically to demonstrate the fixation of С3 fraction of complement, fibrinogen, IL-4, IL-6, IgA, IgM, IgG, and the expression of CD31, CD35, CD57 and CD83 molecules. The largest number of immune deposits fixed in the placenta and damaging the structures of the placental barrier (vascular endothelium and syncytiotrophoblast membranes) was found in women with moderate to severe BA. Their precipitation lead to the development of immunopathological process in the placenta and could result in placental insufficiency, adversely affecting the course of pregnancy and childbirth. The presence of pathogenic immune complexes in the placenta and the detection of antigen-presenting cells in areas of immunological inflammation in the placenta of women with BA are associated with the unfavorable course of pregnancy, parturition and could be a predictor of the possible development of allergic diseases in children.

Keywords

placental barrier / pathogenic immune complexes / immune inflammation / bronchial asthma

References

[1] Айламазян Э. К. и Мозговая Е. В. Гестоз: теория и практика. М., МЕДпресс-информ, 2008.

[2] Айламазян Э. К., Полякова В. О. и Кветной И. М. Функциональная морфология плаценты человека в норме и при патологии (нейроиммуноэндокринологические аспекты). СПб., Изд-во Н-Л, 2012.

[3] Галиева Э. И. Комплексная оценка состояния здоровья детей от матерей, страдающих бронхиальной астмой: Автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. Пермь, 2008.

[4] Зубжицкая Л. Б., Кошелева Н. Г. и Семенов В. В. Иммуноморфологическое состояние плаценты при акушерской патологии. СПб., Норд Медиздат, 2005.

[5] Лаврова О. В. Клинико-диагностические и организационные подходы к ведению беременных женщин, страдающих бронхиальной астмой, как основа первичной профилактики аллергических заболеваний их детей: Автореф. дис. … д-ра мед. наук. СПб., 2009.

[6] Судакова Н. М. Морфофункциональная характеристика плаценты у беременных с хроническим пиелонефритом и урогенитальным хламидиозом. Арх. пат., 2004, т. 66, вып. 5, с. 21-23.

[7] Ярилин А. А. Система цитокинов и принципы её функционирования в норме и при патологии. Иммунология, 1997, № 5, с. 7-14.

[8] Amu S., Hahn-Zoric M., Malik A. et al. Cytokines in the placenta of Pakistani newborns with and without intrauterine growth retardation. Pediatr Res., 2006, v. 59, №2, p. 254-258.

[9] Cochrane C. G. Studies on the localization of circulating antigen-antibody complexes and other macromolecules in vessels. I. Structural studies. J. Exp. Med., 1963, v. 127, p. 137-154.

[10] Ege M. J., Bieli C., Frei R. et al. Prenatal farm exposure is related to the expression of receptors of the innate immunity and to atopic sensitization in school-age children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2006, v. 117, № 4, p. 817-823.

[11] Luskin A. T. An overview of the recommendations of the Working Group on Asthma and Pregnancy. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 1999, v. 103, № 2, pt. 2, p. 350-353.

[12] Matson A. P., Zhu L., Lingenheld E. G. et al. Maternal Transmission of Resistance to Development of Allergic Airway Disease. J. Immunol., 2007, v. 179, № 2, p. 1282-1291.

[13] Murphy V. E., Gibson P. G., Smith R. et al. Asthma during pregnancy: mechanisms and treatment implications. Eur. Respir. J., 2005, v. 25, № 4, p. 731-750.

[14] Schatz M. and Zeiger R. S. Improving asthma outcomes in large populations. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2011, v. 128, № 2, p. 273-277.

[15] Schatz M., Zeiger R. S. and Hoffman C. P. Intrauterine growth is related to gestational pulmonary function in pregnant asthmatic women. Chest, 1990, v. 98, № 2, p. 389-392.

[16] Scott N. M., Hodyl N. A., Murphy V.E. et al. Placental cytokine expression covaries with maternal asthma severity and fetal sex. J. Immunol., 2009, v. 182, p. 1411-1420.

[17] Sharma A., Satyam A. and Sharma J. Leptin, IL-10 and inflammatory markers (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8) in pre-eclamptic, normotensive pregnant and healthy non-pregnant women. Am. J. Reprod. Immunol., 2007, v. 58, № 1, p. 21-30.

[18] Tan K. S. and Thomson N. C. Asthma in pregnancy: Review. Am. J. Med., 2000, v. 109, № 9, p. 727-733.

[19] Vambergue A. and Fajardy I. Consequences of gestational and pregestational diabetes on placental function and birth weight. World J. Diabetes, 2011, v. 2, № 11, p. 196-203.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

Eco-Vector