Morphological manifestations of the dynamics of catecholamines binding by erythrocytes during activation and blockade of adrenergic regulatory mechanisms

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Blood cells show sensitivity and reactivity to catecholamines, which is determined by the presence of catecholamine receptors on their membranes. This fact is of significant research interest because in the study of regulatory mechanisms, it is not always sufficient to know the concentration of catecholamines in the blood; thus, it is important to observe their reception by erythrocytes.

AIM: To investigate the dynamics of catecholamine binding on erythrocytes when modeling the stimulation and blockade of adrenergic regulation mechanisms using the cytological method.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The number of catecholamine granules on erythrocytes was determined using silver nitrate impregnation under conditions of administration of anapriline β-adrenergic receptor blocker (2 mg/kg), acute stress, activation of noradrenergic systems (maprotiline, 10 mg/kg), and their combination.

RESULTS: Intact animals had 145–155 pieces of catecholamine granules per 40 erythrocytes. Medium-sized (0.6–0.9 μm) granules are more common. After the administration of a β-adrenergic receptor blocker, the total number of catecholamine granules decreases 2.8 times because the granules increased in size. Under acute stress, the total number of granules increases almost two times because the granules shrink, which may be a sign of the sensitization of erythrocyte membranes to catecholamines. The stimulation of the noradrenergic system causes a 20% decrease in the number of catecholamine granules due to a decrease in the number of small- and medium-sized granules. Under stress against the background of the activation of the noradrenergic system, the number of granules on erythrocytes is reduced, which may be a sign of adrenergic receptor desensitization.

CONCLUSIONS: The number of catecholamine granules on erythrocytes decreased after the administration of a β-adrenergic receptor blocker and increased during acute stress. The stimulation of the noradrenergic system was accompanied by a decrease in the binding of catecholamines, especially under conditions of acute stress, which indicates the desensitization of erythrocyte adrenergic receptors. Thus, the cytological method is sensitive enough to observe the reception of catecholamines by erythrocytes when exposed to adrenergic structures.

Keywords

adrenaline granules / erythrocytes / adrenergic receptors / β-adrenergic receptor blocker / stress / noradrenergic system

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